SPACE AND MAN
in the paintings of Alexei Arkhipovich Leonov,
pilot-cosmonaut, twice Hero of the USSR.
1. The Vostok spacecraft is a symbol of the space age. The world's first cosmonaut Yuri Gagarin flew into space on April 12, 1961.
A.Leonov. "Start of the East"
2. The first Soviet artificial communications satellite, Molniya-1, launched in 1965, resembles a fantastic flower or a space station from films about the distant future. Its giant "petals" are solar panels that are always oriented towards the Sun, and parabolic antennas - towards the Earth. The satellite is intended for retransmission of television programs and long-distance telephone and telegraph communications.
By the way, in 1967 one of the satellites of this series for the first time in the world received a color image of the Earth.
A.Leonov. "Lightning-1"
3. A.Leonov. "Lightning is a space relay"
4. Meteorological satellites have dramatically increased the reliability of weather forecasts, made it possible to detect cyclones, typhoons and hurricanes at the stages of their inception, measure the direction and speed of their propagation, choose the best routes for fishing and merchant fleet ships, and also determine the boundaries of the ice cover in the Arctic regions along the route Northern Sea Route, get information about rainfall areas and much more. Satellites are able to warn of the occurrence and dangerous movement of a tsunami in a timely manner. It is difficult to estimate the number of human lives saved thanks to weather satellites.
A.Leonov. "Meteorological system - METEOR"
5. The first to see seventeen days and nights in one day was cosmonaut German Titov, Yuri Gagarin's understudy, who in August 1962 made a daily flight on the Vostok-2 spacecraft. During this flight I saw Titov "TERMINATOR"- the border of day and night, constantly changing in space at each flight orbit. All astronauts describe this sight as unforgettable!
A.Leonov. "Above the Terminator"
6. For an astronaut, a day - an hour and a half - is the time of the revolution of the spacecraft around the Earth. During the Earth day, astronauts meet 17 cosmic dawns.
In Leonov's painting "
NIGHT GLOW OF THE HALO OF THE ATMOSPHERE" the ship flies over the night Earth. Reddish city lights are visible through the veil of dark clouds. And on the horizon, behind which the Sun is hiding, a rainbow band of the earth's atmosphere appeared. And above all this - the Moon embedded in the black velvet of outer space and shining stars.
A.Leonov. "Space Dawn"
7. Alexei Leonov was the first cosmonaut to notice in space and then depict the moment when the fiery red disk of the Sun had just risen from the horizon. Above the sun, for a short time, an halo of extraordinary beauty appeared, shaped like an old Russian kokoshnik. The astronaut made the first sketch of this drawing with colored pencils on the page of the logbook on the Voskhod-2 spacecraft.
A.Leonov. "Morning in Space"
8.
A.Leonov. "Space Evening"
9. For the first time in the world, as a result of manual docking of manned spacecraft in 1969, a Soviet experimental space station, a prototype of future large orbital stations, was assembled and operated in Earth satellite orbit.
A.Leonov. "Auto docking"
10. And in 1975, Soviet and American ships were already docking in space. This first ever international space program was called SOYUZ - APOLLO. Alexey Arkhipovich Leonov himself was the commander of the Soyuz-19 spacecraft! During the six-day orbital flight of the Soyuz-19 spacecraft, joint means of rendezvous and docking were experimentally carried out for the first time; Docking of Soviet and American spacecraft, mutual transfers of cosmonauts from ship to ship, joint research experiments were carried out. In preparation for this flight, Leonov learned English from scratch in one year (he learned German at school)!
During the flight, the Soviet and American cosmonauts showed excellent interaction and mutual understanding, the tasks were carried out in a coordinated and precise manner, in a truly friendly atmosphere.
A.Leonov. "Soyuz-Apollo"
11. A.Leonov. "Soyuz-Apollo 1"
12. Today's cosmonautics cannot be imagined without cosmonauts working out into outer space. And Alexey Arkhipovich Leonov was also the first to go into outer space! He proved the possibility of a person staying and working in conditions of weightlessness and vacuum. 
13. A.Leonov. "Over the Black Sea"
14. A.Leonov. "Spacewalk"
15. A.Leonov. "Out in Space"
16. A.Leonov. "Man Above the Planet"
17. After that, even the transitions of astronauts from one spacecraft to another through outer space became possible!
A.Leonov. "Crossing in open space"
18. Each flight into space, each program is unique. They have one thing in common: the last stage of the flight is the descent to Earth.
The spacecraft is leaving its orbit. The atmosphere is getting denser. Plasma jets surround the ship from all sides. The temperature on the surface of the capsule rises to 10 thousand degrees - higher than on the surface of the Sun. The outer coating melts and evaporates. A giant "space drop" is approaching the Earth... You can see how small "meteors" - fired ship structures - are burning up in the atmosphere.
A.Leonov. "Return"
19. There is no "senseless waste of time" in astronautics. Every second spent by an astronaut or satellite in orbit makes a huge contribution to world science. Every day we all use millions of things in everyday life, created thanks to astronautics and impossible without it! Even the fact that you are now reading this article in the ZATEEVO INTERNET magazine and chatting on your mobile phone is 100% merit of astronautics.
And perhaps very soon, even the most fantastic paintings by Alexei Arkhipovich Leonov will be repeated in amateur photographs of space tourists schoolchildren.
A.Leonov. "Near the Moon"
20. A.Leonov. "On the moon"
21. A.Leonov. "Crater Chain"
22. "My class and I flew on vacation to the star Beta of the constellation Lyra!"
A.Leonov "Beta Lyra"
23. "Fuuuuu! This is an excursion for kids! Here we are flying into the nebula #443 to observe the displacement of the spectra!"
A.Leonov. "Planet in Nebula IC443"
24. A.Leonov, A.Sokolov. "Start braking"
25. A.Leonov. "Cosmonauts of the Future"
26. A.Leonov. "On the planet closest to the sun"
To Cosmonautics Day April 12. About the painting of Russian cosmonauts Alexei Leonov, Vladimir Dzhanibekov and American astronaut Alan Bean
Cosmonauts - people of a truly heroic profession - are difficult to imagine in philosophical reflections, with a brush behind an easel. It is understandable. Space is a harsh world that does not forgive human mistakes either in orbit or on earth, requiring the utmost rationality. But for those chosen ones who have been in it, space is also fantastic emotions, very special experiences, an internal dialogue with eternity alone with the boundless universe. Perhaps that is why astronauts take up brushes. And not without success: not on the table, but with albums, with books, with exhibitions, with museums. These are the cosmonauts-artists that will be discussed.
The most famous artist among astronauts since the 1960s is, of course, Alexei Arkhipovich Leonov (1934). Twice Hero of the Soviet Union (the cosmonauts were simply not given more than two gold stars), the first man in outer space (at that time he miraculously did not die in an emergency), a daredevil who more than once looked death in the eye. Together with Gagarin, he applied for participation in a manned expedition to the moon (which never took place). However, Leonov is not a harsh hero, but a charming, smiling man, a favorite of the inhabitants of Star City. Many Soviet schoolchildren had his book "The Solar Wind", decorated with his own drawings and paintings. In those days, no money was spared for education.
Leonov is an artist of impression, who cares not for graphic perfection and photographic quality, but for a fantastic palette and unearthly views that he observed with his own eyes. Leonov managed to carry colored pencils aboard the ship, so many of his works are based on sketches made on board the stations. It is no coincidence that one of his best paintings was "Above the terminator" (the zone of the change of day and night), in which there are no astronauts or spaceships of the future - only nature in all its perfection.
Leonov has been painting both entirely by himself and together with Andrei Konstantinovich Sokolov (1931–2007) since the mid-1960s. The paintings of Leonov and Sokolov were published many times, and one of their painting series formed the basis for the design of the 1972 series of postage stamps "15 years of the space age".
Leonov's paintings are in museums, participate in exhibitions, were exhibited three times at auctions. The highest price was registered at Sotheby's back in 1996. Then his one and a half meter canvas with the launch of Soyuz-19 was sold for $9,200.
Pictures of the co-author Leonov - the artist were put up for auction. Sokolov had no direct relationship to space, but he was one of the pioneers in space painting. An architect by education (his father, by the way, built Baikonur), Sokolov since 1957 became interested in painting on a space theme, with a sci-fi bias. Fantast Ivan Efremov dedicated to him the story "Five Pictures" - a rather reactionary, criticizing abstractionism in accordance with the spirit of that time and elevating artists working with the themes of space and the future of space research. Efremov's "Russian Falcon" - accidentally found "the only Russian space artist who worked at the very beginning of the space age" - this is just Sokolov. His paintings inspired not only Efremov. In the biographies of Andrei Konstantinovich, one can read that it was under the influence of his painting “Elevator to Space” that Arthur Clarke wrote the book “Fountains of Paradise”. Quite possible. Both the picture and the idea itself still make an impression. Sokolov's paintings can now be purchased at the gallery market. And just a month ago, one of his paintings, Sakhalin from Space (1980), was sold at the Russian Enamel auction for 90,000 rubles.
Another Russian cosmonaut who is seriously involved in painting is (1942). A daredevil, a professional of the highest class and a great clever girl. Made five expeditions, twice Hero of the Soviet Union. Dzhanibekov was sent into the thick of things, to the most difficult and risky tasks. In 1985, Dzhanibekov and Savinykh were sent to restore the work of the Salyut-7 station, which had lost control and was inoperable. Docked with her in visual manual mode, without automation. They entered, repaired, as a result, the station continued to work.
Vladimir Dzhanibekov draws and writes not only space, although space subjects are often found in his works. But if you look at his selected works on the official website, it becomes clear that he is more interested not in the technological side of space exploration, but in man and the philosophical questions of the universe. Dzhanibekov is a member of the Union of Artists, and in 2012 he was accepted into the art association "Mitki".
On the auction market, Dzhanibekov's painting has been exhibited only once so far - in 2015 at the Berlin auction Auctionata. Then his canvas "Cosmonaut" (1984) was sold for $455.
For our cosmonauts, painting is more of an internal need, they definitely do not make a living from art. But their overseas counterpart manages to earn money with his civic hobby. American astronaut Alan Bean (1939) participated in the 1969 Moon landing as part of the Apollo 12 crew. Walked on the surface of the Earth's satellite, collected soil samples in the Ocean of Storms.
After resigning from NASA in 1981, Alan Bean chose not the usual political career for retirees, but devoted himself entirely to painting. His main theme, of course, was lunar landscapes, astronauts in spacesuits working on the surface of the moon. His works are exhibited by museums at specialized space exhibitions, sold by galleries, and their price level is about $45,000. The only auction sale for paintings by Alan Bean was registered in 2007. A medium-sized acrylic depicting an astronaut working on the moon was sold at the New Orleans US auction for $38,400. The auction also sells his large lithographs (about $500) and photographs taken during the lunar expedition ($300–$1,000 dollars).
These are the space artists.
And, taking this opportunity: cosmonauts, astronauts, engineers, scientists, physicians, all specialists participating in space programs, and everyone who is rooting for them - Happy Holidays! Happy Cosmonautics Day! Happy 55th anniversary of Gagarin's flight, which we celebrate in 2016!
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The exposition was prepared for the 85th anniversary of one of the pioneers of space exploration.
At the exhibition at the Museum of Cosmonautics, visitors can see about 40 paintings. Most of the paintings will be presented for the first time.
Alexei Leonov painted over 200 paintings. On his canvases, he depicts both cosmic expanses and earthly landscapes.
The exhibition is divided into several parts, which are dedicated to different stages of the life of an astronaut and an artist: childhood, choosing a professional path, spacewalks, the Soyuz-Apollo program.
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Viewers will be shown photos of the training sessions of the crew of the Voskhod-2 spacecraft, a description of Alexei Leonov, written by Yuri Gagarin. Also here you can see the uniform of Alexei Leonov with the entire set of awards, the interior of the artist's studio and a telescope from his office.
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You can visit the exhibition at the Museum of Cosmonautics until the end of autumn.
Alexei Leonov - twice Hero of the Soviet Union. He was awarded the orders "For Merit to the Fatherland" III and IV degrees, Yu.A. Gagarin in the field of space activities, the Orders of Friendship, Lenin and the Red Star.
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From March 18 to March 19, 1965, Alexei Leonov took part in the flight of the Voskhod-2 spacecraft. During this flight, he became the first person in the world to go into outer space.
From July 15 to July 21, 1975, Leonov participated in the flight on the Soyuz-19 spacecraft. The flight program included docking with the American Apollo spacecraft.
SPACE AND MAN
in the paintings of Alexei Arkhipovich Leonov,
pilot-cosmonaut, twice Hero of the USSR.
The Vostok spacecraft is a symbol of the space age. The world's first cosmonaut Yuri Gagarin flew into space on April 12, 1961.
The first Soviet artificial communications satellite, Molniya-1, launched in 1965, resembles a fantastic flower or a space station from films set in the distant future. Its giant "petals" are solar panels that are always oriented towards the Sun, and parabolic antennas - towards the Earth. The satellite is intended for retransmission of television programs and long-distance telephone and telegraph communications.
By the way, in 1967 one of the satellites of this series for the first time in the world received a color image of the Earth.
Meteorological satellites have radically improved the reliability of weather forecasts, made it possible to detect cyclones, typhoons and hurricanes at the stages of their inception, measure the direction and speed of their propagation, choose the best routes for fishing and merchant fleet ships, and also determine the boundaries of the ice cover in the Arctic regions along the route of the Northern Sea way, get information about rainfall areas and much more. Satellites are able to warn of the occurrence and dangerous movement of a tsunami in a timely manner. It is difficult to estimate the number of human lives saved thanks to weather satellites.In the picture: METEOROLOGICAL SYSTEM "METEOR".
The first to see seventeen days and nights in one day was cosmonaut German Titov, Yuri Gagarin's understudy, who in August 1962 made a daily flight on the Vostok-2 spacecraft. During this flight I saw Titov "TERMINATOR"- the border of day and night, constantly changing in space at each flight orbit. All astronauts describe this sight as unforgettable!
For an astronaut, a day - an hour and a half - is the time for a spacecraft-satellite to turn around the Earth. During the Earth day, astronauts meet 17 cosmic dawns.
In Leonov's painting "
NIGHT GLOW OF THE HALO OF THE ATMOSPHERE"
the ship flies over the night Earth. Reddish city lights are visible through the veil of dark clouds. And on the horizon, behind which the Sun is hiding, a rainbow band of the earth's atmosphere appeared. And above all this - the Moon embedded in the black velvet of outer space and shining stars.
Alexei Leonov was the first cosmonaut to notice in space and then depict the moment when the fiery red disk of the Sun had just risen from the horizon. Above the sun, for a short time, an halo of extraordinary beauty appeared, shaped like an old Russian kokoshnik. The astronaut made the first sketch of this drawing with colored pencils on the page of the logbook on the Voskhod-2 spacecraft.
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MORNING IN SPACE. |
SPACE EVENING. |
For the first time in the world, as a result of manual docking of manned spacecraft in 1969, a Soviet experimental space station, a prototype of future large orbital stations, was assembled and operated in orbit of the Earth's satellite.
And in 1975, Soviet and American ships were already docking in space. This first ever international space program was called SOYUZ - APOLLO. Alexey Arkhipovich Leonov himself was the commander of the Soyuz-19 spacecraft! During the six-day orbital flight of the Soyuz-19 spacecraft, joint means of rendezvous and docking were experimentally carried out for the first time; Docking of Soviet and American spacecraft, mutual transfers of cosmonauts from ship to ship, joint research experiments were carried out. In preparation for this flight, Leonov learned English from scratch in one year (he learned German at school)!
During the flight, the Soviet and American cosmonauts showed excellent interaction and mutual understanding, the tasks were carried out in a coordinated and precise manner, in a truly friendly atmosphere.
Today's cosmonautics cannot be imagined without cosmonauts' working space walks. And Alexey Arkhipovich Leonov was also the first to go into outer space! He proved the possibility of a person staying and working in conditions of weightlessness and vacuum.
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Every space flight, every program is unique. They have one thing in common: the last stage of the flight is the descent to Earth.
The spacecraft is leaving its orbit. The atmosphere is getting denser. Plasma jets surround the ship from all sides. The temperature on the surface of the capsule rises to 10 thousand degrees - higher than on the surface of the Sun. The outer coating melts and evaporates. A giant "space drop" is approaching the Earth... You can see how small "meteors" - fired ship structures - are burning up in the atmosphere.
There is no "senseless waste of time" in astronautics. Every second spent by an astronaut or satellite in orbit makes a huge contribution to world science. Every day we all use millions of things in everyday life, created thanks to astronautics and impossible without it! Even the fact that you are now reading this article in the ZATEEVO INTERNET magazine and chatting on your mobile phone is 100% merit of astronautics.
Alexei Leonov and two of his paintings donated to the Tretyakov Gallery. Photo: RIA Novosti
The announcement of the death of Soviet cosmonaut Alexei Leonov NASA interrupted live broadcast from the ISS. At that moment, two astronauts were just going out into outer space. Leonov was the first person on Earth to do this, in 1965. He spent 12 minutes in vacuum.
And ten years later, it was he who participated in the high-profile Soyuz-Apollo space mission, which marked the beginning of cooperation between countries in space.
Alexei Leonov at home. Before space travel. 1965 RIA Novosti archive Leonov died in Moscow at the age of 85. Twice hero of the Soviet Union, a pilot and then a cosmonaut, was fond of drawing and painting. He exhibited a lot, two paintings by Alexei Leonov are in the Tretyakov Gallery (pictured above). Together with fellow science fiction artist Andrei Sokolov, Leonov designed space-themed postage stamps in the 1970s.
Painting by Alexei Leonov "Space Dawn". RIA News 
Painting by Alexei Leonov "Over the Black Sea". RIA News In 2017, speaking at the Tretyakov Gallery, Leonov spoke about drawing in zero gravity: “I thought a lot before the flight: what will I do? And what technique should be? Paint doesn't work, pastel doesn't work, watercolor doesn't work. There is only one thing left - a pencil, good paper. Medium hard pencils.
"Eruption on the Moon". Drawing by Alexei Leonov and Andrei Sokolov. RIA News 
Rover on the moon. Drawing by Alexei Leonov and Andrei Sokolov. RIA News 
"Moon. First minutes after landing. Drawing by Alexei Leonov. RIA News 
1973 Leonov in his studio. 2 years before the Soyuz-Apollo mission. Photo: RIA Novosti