Novel " Garnet bracelet"A. Kuprin is rightfully considered one of the best, revealing the theme of love. The basis storyline real events are taken. The situation in which the main character of the novel found herself was actually experienced by the mother of the writer’s friend, Lyubimov. This work It's called that for a reason. Indeed, for the author, “pomegranate” is a symbol of passionate, but very dangerous love.
The history of the novel
Most of A. Kuprin’s stories are permeated with the eternal theme of love, and the novel “The Garnet Bracelet” most vividly reproduces it. A. Kuprin began work on his masterpiece in the fall of 1910 in Odessa. The idea for this work was the writer’s visit to the Lyubimov family in St. Petersburg.
One day Lyubimova’s son told one entertaining story about his mother's secret admirer, who for a long time for long years wrote her letters with frank confessions of unrequited love. The mother was not delighted with this manifestation of feelings, because she had been married for a long time. At the same time, she had a higher social status in society, rather than her admirer - a simple official P.P. Zheltikov. The situation was aggravated by a gift in the form of a red bracelet, given for the princess’s name day. At that time, this was a daring act and could put bad shadow on the lady's reputation.
Lyubimova’s husband and brother paid a visit to the fan’s home, he was just writing another letter to his beloved. They returned the gift to the owner, asking not to disturb Lyubimova in the future. ABOUT future fate None of the family members knew the official.
The story that was told at the tea party hooked the writer. A. Kuprin decided to use it as the basis for his novel, which was somewhat modified and expanded. It should be noted that work on the novel was difficult, about which the author wrote to his friend Batyushkov in a letter on November 21, 1910. The work was published only in 1911, first published in the magazine “Earth”.
Analysis of the work
Description of the work
On her birthday, Princess Vera Nikolaevna Sheina receives an anonymous gift in the form of a bracelet, which is decorated with green stones - “garnets”. The gift was accompanied by a note, from which it became known that the bracelet belonged to the great-grandmother of the princess's secret admirer. The unknown person signed with the initials “G.S.” AND.". The princess is embarrassed by this present and remembers that for many years a stranger has been writing to her about his feelings.
The princess's husband, Vasily Lvovich Shein, and brother, Nikolai Nikolaevich, who worked as an assistant prosecutor, are looking for secret writer. He turns out to be a simple official under the name Georgy Zheltkov. They return the bracelet to him and ask him to leave the woman alone. Zheltkov feels a sense of shame that Vera Nikolaevna could lose her reputation because of his actions. It turns out that he fell in love with her a long time ago, having accidentally seen her at the circus. Since then, he writes letters to her about unrequited love until his death several times a year.
The next day, the Shein family learns that official Georgy Zheltkov shot himself. He managed to write last letter Vera Nikolaevna, in which he asks for her forgiveness. He writes that his life no longer has meaning, but he still loves her. The only thing Zheltkov asks is that the princess not blame herself for his death. If this fact will torment her, then let her listen to Beethoven’s Sonata No. 2 in his honor. Before his death, he ordered the maid to hang the bracelet, which was returned to the official the day before, on the icon of the Mother of God.
Vera Nikolaevna, having read the note, asks her husband for permission to look at the deceased. She arrives at the official's apartment, where she sees him dead. The lady kisses his forehead and places a bouquet of flowers on the deceased. When she returns home, she asks to play a piece by Beethoven, after which Vera Nikolaevna burst into tears. She realizes that “he” has forgiven her. At the end of the novel, Sheina realizes the loss of the great love that a woman can only dream of. Here she recalls the words of General Anosov: “Love should be a tragedy, the greatest secret in the world.”
Main characters
Princess, middle-aged woman. She is married, but her relationship with her husband has long grown into friendly feelings. She has no children, but she is always attentive to her husband and takes care of him. She has a bright appearance, is well educated, and is interested in music. But for more than 8 years she has been receiving strange letters from a fan of “G.S.Z.” This fact confuses her; she told her husband and family about it and does not reciprocate the writer’s feelings. At the end of the work, after the death of the official, she bitterly understands the severity of lost love, which happens only once in a life.
Official Georgy Zheltkov
A young man about 30-35 years old. Modest, poor, well-mannered. He is secretly in love with Vera Nikolaevna and writes about his feelings to her in letters. When the bracelet he had been given was returned to him and asked to stop writing to the princess, he commits an act of suicide, leaving a farewell note to the woman.
Vera Nikolaevna's husband. Good, cheerful man who truly loves his wife. But for the love of constant social life, he is on the verge of ruin, which drags his family to the bottom.
Younger sister main character. She is married to an influential young man, with whom she has 2 children. In marriage she does not lose her feminine nature, likes to flirt, plays gambling, but very pious. Anna is very attached to her older sister.
Nikolai Nikolaevich Mirza-Bulat-Tuganovsky
Brother of Vera and Anna Nikolaevna. He works as an assistant prosecutor, a very serious guy by nature, with strict rules. Nikolai is not wasteful, far from feelings of sincere love. It is he who asks Zheltkov to stop writing to Vera Nikolaevna.
General Anosov
Old military general ex-friend late father of Vera, Anna and Nikolai. Participant Russian-Turkish war, was injured. Has no family or children, but is close to Vera and Anna biological father. He is even called “grandfather” in the Sheins’ house.
This work is rich different symbols and mysticism. It is based on the story of one man's tragic and unrequited love. At the end of the novel, the tragedy of the story takes on even greater proportions, because the heroine realizes the severity of loss and unconscious love.
Today the novel “The Garnet Bracelet” is very popular. It describes great feelings of love, sometimes even dangerous, lyrical, with a tragic ending. This has always been relevant among the population, because love is immortal. In addition, the main characters of the work are described very realistically. After the publication of the story, A. Kuprin gained high popularity.
Composition
And the heart will no longer respond
It's all over... And my song rushes
On an empty night where you are no longer there.
A. Akhmatova
A. I. Kuprin is an original writer of the 20th century, in whose work the precepts of Russian classical literature with its democracy, passionate desire to solve the problems of social existence, humanism, and deep interest in the life of the people. Loyalty to traditions, the influence of L. N. Tolstoy and A. P. Chekhov, impact creative ideas M. Gorky determined the originality literary prose Kuprin, his place in literary process beginning of the century.
Writers whose work was formed during the years of revolutionary upsurge were especially close to the theme of the “epiphany” of the ordinary Russian person, greedily truth seeker V social life. Therefore, the center of the works invariably turns out to be a small person, an average truth-seeker intellectual, and the main theme is bourgeois civilization, devouring thousands human lives and entails the vulgarization of people's relationships." In such a situation, it is natural to turn to one of the eternal themes - the theme of love. A. Kuprin also addresses the theme of love, as one of the mysteries of existence.
Following “Olesya” (1898) and “The Duel” (1905), in the 1910s, from his pen came a kind of “trilogy” about love, which is formed by the works “Shulamith”, “Garnet Bracelet” and “The Pit” ( the latter depicts anti-love). Love for Kuprin - saving power, protecting the human soul from the destructive influence of civilization; a phenomenon of life, an unexpected gift that illuminates life in the midst of everyday reality and established life. But love in his works is associated with the idea of death.
Kuprin's heroes most often die when faced with a world of cruelty, lack of spirituality and generally accepted philistine morality of the modern world.
The meaning and content of the life of the protagonist of the story “The Garnet Bracelet” became great, but, unfortunately, unrequited love. G. S. Zheltkov is a young man of pleasant appearance, an employee of the control chamber. He is musical, endowed with a sense of beauty, sensitive and knows how to understand people. Despite his poverty, Zheltkov has a “pedigree”; his sofa is covered with a “worn, beautiful Tekin carpet.”
But its main value is “seven years of hopeless and polite love.” The object of his admiration is the eldest daughter of the late Prince Mirza-Bulat-Tuganovsky, the wife of the leader of the nobility in the city of K., Vera Nikolaevna Sheina. She married a childhood friend for love, but now she feels for her husband “a feeling of strong, faithful, true friendship". Both Vera Nikolaevna herself and those around her consider her marriage happy. Vera Nikolaevna is endowed with "aristocratic" beauty. She attracts "with her tall flexible figure, gentle, but cold and proud face, beautiful, although rather big hands and that charming sloping shoulders that can be seen in ancient miniatures."
The heroine is a sensitive, subtle person with many talents. But Vera does not respond to Zheltkov’s feelings. She perceives his attention, his letters and the gift of a garnet bracelet as something unnecessary, which also disrupts the usual measured flow of life. The princess is used to taking life seriously. She makes a sober assessment financial situation family and tries to “help the prince refrain from complete ruin,” he denies himself in many ways and saves in the household. At the Sheins wide circle acquaintances, and reputation is very important for Princess Vera; she is afraid of looking funny or ridiculous. She considers the very admirer “with the funny surname Zheltkov” to be a “madman” who “pursues her with his love,” and even once asks him in writing “not to bother her anymore with his love outpourings.” The love of our hero is incomprehensible to the princess and seems burdensome.
For Zheltkov, his whole life lies in Vera Nikolaevna. He is no longer interested in anything: “neither politics, nor science, nor philosophy, nor concern for the future happiness of people.” Zheltkov’s heart is always near his beloved, at her feet, “every moment of the day is filled” with Vera Nikolaevna, thoughts and dreams about her. But Zheltkov’s love is “not a disease, not a manic idea.” He fell in love with Vera “because there is nothing in the world like her, there is nothing better, there is no beast, no plant, no star, no person more beautiful... and more tender.” This great love- a gift from heaven, “tremendous happiness.” This is love, “with which God was pleased to reward me for something,” he writes, experiencing “reverence, eternal admiration” and boundless gratitude for the woman he loves just for the fact that she exists. The princess, without knowing it, painfully wounds Zheltkov, pushes him to commit suicide with the words: “Oh, if you only knew how tired I am of this whole story. Please stop it as soon as possible.” But he asked for such a small thing: “to stay in the city so that he can see her at least occasionally, of course, without showing his face to her.”
For the hero, saying goodbye to Vera Nikolaevna is tantamount to saying goodbye to life. But, knowing full well about the inseparability of his feelings, Zheltkov hopes and is “even sure” that Vera Nikolaevna will someday remember him. And indeed, after Zheltkov’s death, saying goodbye to him, she realizes that she has lost something important and very valuable, that " great love, which is repeated only once in a thousand years,” “that love that every woman dreams of has passed her by.” Shocked by this realization, Vera asks the pianist to play something, without doubting that Jenny will play that very place from The second sonata, which Zheltkov asked for. And when she listened to “this exceptional, unique work of depth,” “her soul seemed to be filled with music and poetry, which ended with the words from the farewell letter.” loving person: "Hallowed be it your name" ...
Musical theme"Appassionata" states high strength love. Music in the story generally plays a very important role; it is no coincidence that the title of Beethoven’s second sonata is included in the epigraph. It serves as the key to understanding the entire work. “Prayer for Love” runs as a leitmotif throughout the entire work and sounds powerfully in its finale. What the lovelorn official of the control chamber could not express in words was “told” by the music of the great composer. As we see, mutual, perfect love did not take place, but this lofty and poetic feeling, albeit concentrated in one soul, opened the way to the beautiful rebirth of another. After all, every woman in the depths of her heart dreams of such love - “united, all-forgiving, ready for anything, modest and selfless.”
Just a few pages, a few lines from a letter, and a person’s life passed before us. Is life real? Is the image of the main character real?
According to the memoirs of L. Arsenyeva, a younger contemporary of the writer, in the late 1920s in Paris, the aging A. Kuprin challenged his interlocutor to a duel, who allowed himself to doubt the plausibility of the plot of the “Garnet Bracelet”. Kuprin rarely resorted to pure fiction in his work. All his works are realistic, based on real events, personal impressions from meetings with people, from conversations. The writer heard the love story that formed the basis of the story in the summer of 1906 while visiting State Council member Dmitry Nikolaevich Lyubimov. The Lyubimovs showed Kuprin Family album. There were illustrations for letters that Lyubimov’s wife received from a person signing with the initials P.P.Zh. (he turned out to be a minor postal official Pyotr Petrovich Zheltikov). Kuprin creatively rethought what he heard and, with the power of his talent, turned an ordinary episode into a love story, which “the best minds and souls of humanity - poets, novelists, musicians, artists” have been dreaming and yearning for for centuries. Unlike the hero of Kuprin’s story, Zheltikov did not shoot himself, but was transferred to the provinces, where he then got married. But he served as a real prototype for the creation of a hero who won our hearts with the strength and purity of his feelings.
Zheltkov’s image is real. Real because in the world, contrary to the opinion of General Anosov, there is still love, which is not touched by “any living conveniences, calculations and compromises,” and there are men capable of “strong desires, heroic deeds, to tenderness and adoration." I would like to believe that in modern world perhaps a bright, humane feeling, reckless, “hopeless and polite,” knightly, heroic love; love is strong and pure, the love that God sends to the chosen ones, “like enormous happiness.” The kind of love “for which to accomplish any feat, to give one’s life, to suffer torment is not work at all, but one joy.” But such love cannot and should not end in a fatal outcome. Why die? You need to live knowing that you are just nearby, in the same city, in the same country, on the same planet with the person you love, and this makes life filled with meaning and becomes beautiful.
Despite tragic ending“Kuprin’s story is optimistic, life-affirming, because in “The Garnet Bracelet” the author, probably stronger and more vividly than in other works, sings of the eternal values of life, mental strength and purity, nobility and the ability to sacrifice in the name of love. And, of course, love itself is the most sublime and beautiful of all human feelings.
Other works on this work
“Love should be a tragedy, the greatest secret in the world” (Based on the story “The Garnet Bracelet” by A. I. Kuprin) “Be silent and perish...” (Image of Zheltkov in A. I. Kuprin’s story “Garnet Bracelet”) “Blessed be the love that is stronger than death!” (based on the story “The Garnet Bracelet” by A. I. Kuprin) “Hallowed be thy name...” (based on the story “The Garnet Bracelet” by A. I. Kuprin) “Love must be a tragedy. The greatest secret in the world! (based on the story “The Garnet Bracelet” by A. Kuprin) "The pure light of a high moral idea" in Russian literature Analysis of chapter 12 of A. I. Kuprin’s story “The Garnet Bracelet.” Analysis of the work “Garnet Bracelet” by A. I. Kuprin Analysis of the story "Garnet Bracelet" by A.I. Kuprina Analysis of the episode “Farewell of Vera Nikolaevna to Zheltkov” Analysis of the episode “Vera Nikolaevna’s Name Day” (based on the story by A. I. 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It was a gift from a then stranger to Vera Zh., who fell in love with her seven years ago, wrote letters, then, at her request, stopped bothering her, but now confessed his love again. In the letter, Zh. explained that the old silver bracelet once belonged to his grandmother, then all the stones were transferred to a new, gold bracelet. J. repents that he previously “dared to write stupid and impudent letters” and adds: “Now only reverence, eternal admiration and slavish devotion remain in me.” One of the guests at the name day, for the sake of entertainment, presents the love story of the telegraph operator, P.P.Zh. (distorted G.S.Zh.), to Vera in a comic form, stylized as a pulp novel. Another guest, a person close to the family, old General Anosov, suggests: “Maybe he’s just an abnormal fellow, a maniac.”<...>Maybe your path in life, Verochka, has been crossed by exactly the kind of love that women dream about and that men are no longer capable of.”
Under the influence of his brother-in-law, Vera’s husband, Prince Vasily Lvovich Shein, decides to return the bracelet and stop the correspondence. J. amazed Shein at the meeting with his sincerity. Zh., having asked Shein for permission, speaks on the phone with Vera, but she also asks to stop “this story.” Shein felt that he was present “at some enormous tragedy of the soul.” When he reports this to Vera, she predicts that J. will kill himself. Later, from a newspaper, she accidentally learned about the suicide of Zh., who referred in his suicide note to the embezzlement of government money. That evening she receives Farewell letter from J. He calls love for Faith “an enormous happiness” sent to him by God. He admits that he “is not interested in anything in life: neither politics, nor science, nor philosophy, nor concern for the future happiness of people.” All life lies in love for Vera: “Even though I was ridiculous in your eyes and in the eyes of your brother<...>As I leave, I say in delight: Hallowed be Thy name.” Prince Shein admits: J. was not crazy and loved Vera very much and therefore was doomed to death. He allows Vera to say goodbye to J. Looking at the deceased, she “realized that the love that every woman dreams of has passed her by.” IN dead man's face^K. she noticed “deep importance”, “deep and sweet mystery”, “peaceful expression”, which “she saw on the masks of the great sufferers - Pushkin and Napoleon.”
At home, Vera found a familiar pianist, Jenny Reiter, who played her exactly that passage from Beethoven’s second sonata that seemed to J. the most perfect - “Largo Appassionato”. And this music became an afterlife declaration of love addressed to Vera. Vera’s thoughts that “great love passed by” coincided with the music, each “verse” of which ended with the words: “Hallowed be Thy name.” At the very end of the story, Vera says only to her understandable words: “...he has forgiven me now. Everything is fine".
All the heroes of the story, not excluding J., had real prototypes. Criticism pointed out, however, the connection between “The Garnet Bracelet” and the prose of the Norwegian writer Knut Hamsun.
“Garnet Bracelet”, a petty official who is unrequitedly in love with the princess. He pursues the object of his passion with letters, and at the end of the story he commits suicide.
History of creation
Alexander Kuprin worked on the “Garnet Bracelet” in Odessa in the fall of 1910. The work was originally conceived as a story, but grew into a story. The work dragged on, and at the beginning of December, judging by Kuprin’s letters, the story was not yet finished.
The plot was based on real story which happened to the wife of State Council member D.N. Lyubimova. The prototype of Zheltkov was a certain petty telegraph official Zheltikov, who was unrequitedly in love with this lady.
"Garnet bracelet"
Zheltkov is a minor official of the control chamber, 30-35 years old. A tall and thin man with soft and long hair. Zheltkov’s appearance reveals a delicate mental organization - pale skin, a gentle “girlish” face, a childish chin with a dimple, blue eyes and nervous thin fingers. The hero’s hands constantly betray his nervous state - they tremble, fiddle with buttons, “run” over his face and clothes.
Zheltkov - main character story "Garnet Bracelet" The hero earns little and considers himself a person devoid of subtle taste, therefore he has neither the opportunity nor the right to present expensive gifts to the object of his unrequited passion - the princess. The hero saw a lady in a circus box and immediately fell in love with her. Eight years have passed since then, and all this time the lover Zheltkov has been writing letters to Vera. At first, the hero was still waiting for reciprocity and thought that the young lady from the box would answer his letters, but Vera never paid attention to the unlucky admirer.
Over time, Zheltkov ceases to hope for reciprocity, but continues to write to Vera from time to time and secretly monitor her life. In his letters, Zheltkov describes exactly where and with whom he saw Vera, even what dress she was wearing. Apart from the object of his passion, the hero is not interested in anything - neither science, nor politics, nor the lives of his own and other people.
The hero keeps Vera's things. A handkerchief that the lady forgot at the ball, and the hero appropriated. The exhibition program that Vera left on the chair, and so on. Even a note written by Vera, in which she forbade the hero to write to her, became a relic for Zheltkov. Zheltkov sees in Vera the only meaning of his own life, but despite all this, he does not consider himself a maniac, but only a lover.
Vera Sheina from the story "Garnet Bracelet" One day Zheltkov sends the princess a gift for her name day - a family garnet bracelet that belonged to the hero’s great-grandmother, and then to his late mother. The princess's brother, Nikolai, loses his temper over this gift and decides to intervene in order to stop Zheltkov's "harassment" once and for all.
Nikolai finds where the hero lives and demands that he stop pursuing his sister, and otherwise threatens to take action. Vera herself also treats Zheltkov unfriendly and asks him to leave her alone. That same evening, the hero dies by committing suicide, but in his suicide note he does not blame Vera for his own death, but still writes about his love for her. Only at parting did Vera realize that she strong love, which every woman dreams of, was so close, but she abandoned it.
Zheltkov had a soft and tactful character. The landlady called the hero a “wonderful man” and treated him like her own son. Zheltkov is sincere and incapable of lying, he is decent. The hero has a weak voice and calligraphic handwriting. The man loves music, especially. The hero has one brother among his relatives.
Illustration for the story "Garnet Bracelet" The hero rented a room in a multi-story building on Lutheran Street. This is a poor house, where the stairwells are dark and smell of kerosene, mice and laundry. Zheltkov’s room is poorly lit, has a low ceiling, and is poorly furnished. The hero has only a narrow bed, a shabby sofa and a table.
Zheltkov is a contradictory character who showed cowardice in love, but considerable courage when deciding to shoot himself.
Film adaptations
In 1964, a film adaptation of “The Pomegranate Bracelet” was released, directed by Abram Room. The image of Zheltkov in this film was embodied by actor Igor Ozerov. Mr. Zheltkov, whose exact name is not indicated in the story, is called Georgiy Stepanovich in the film. In the story, the hero signs with the initials G.S.Zh., and the landlady from whom Zheltkov rented a house called the hero “Pan Ezhiy,” which corresponds to the Polish version of the name “George.” However, it is impossible to say for sure what the hero’s name was.
The film also starred actors Yuri Averin (in the role of Gustav Ivanovich von Friesse) and in the role of Prince Shein, the husband of the main character Vera Sheina, whose role was played by the actress.
Quotes
“It so happened that I am not interested in anything in life: neither politics, nor science, nor philosophy, nor concern for the future happiness of people - for me, my whole life lies only in you.”
“Think about what I should have done? Run away to another city? All the same, the heart was always near you, at your feet, every moment of the day was filled with you, with thoughts about you, dreams about you...”
“I checked myself - this is not a disease, not a manic idea - this is love.”
The "Garnet Bracelet" was created to prove the existence of a real, pure love in modern world. For this purpose, he created a story, some perceive it as an anecdote about a telegraph operator who fell in love, while others perceive it as a touching “Love Song” - touching, pure.
The hero of the story is G.S. Zheltkov. He was an official of the Control Chamber. The writer portrays him as young man“about thirty-five years old”, quite pleasant in appearance: tall, rather thin, with long soft hair. Constantly pale, his face is so tender, as if a girl’s, with a child’s chin and blue eyes. Zheltkov is endowed with a sense of beauty, namely music.
Our hero is in love with Vera Nikolaevna Sheina, a woman of “aristocratic” appearance. Zheltkov believes that she is extraordinary and sophisticated. At first, Zheltkov wrote letters of a vulgar and, at the same time, wise nature. But after some time, he began to reveal his feelings in a more restrained, delicate manner. Every moment he sees the princess is dear to him like nothing else.
Zheltkov - he is the chosen one. That selflessness and selflessness of his love is truly as strong as death. She does not expect a reward; one can give one’s life for it. All women dream of such “eternal, holy” love.
Vera Nikolaevna can be considered the chosen one, since it was through her life that the real one passed, selfless love. Unfortunately, unlike women, in the modern world men have become completely impoverished both in spirit and in body; But Zheltkov is far from being such. And the date scene proves this. Since he feels and understands people well, he immediately stopped paying attention to threats from Nikolai Nikolaevich.
Then, when this difficult conversation took place, Zheltkov was returned his own gift - an amazing garnet bracelet, family heirloom, the hero showed a strong will. He decides that the only way out- this is leaving life, because he does not want to cause any inconvenience to his beloved. This was a farewell to life for him. His last words gratitude to the princess for the fact that she is his only joy, his only consolation, were wishes for happiness for his beloved.
All this proves that Zheltkov is endowed with Kuprin’s nobility. This is not the image of a “small” man, poor in spirit, who was overcome by love. Saying goodbye to life, he turns out to be loving and strong selflessly.
Thus, an official, an “inconspicuous” person is quite funny last name Zheltkov gave his life to God for the sake of his beloved’s happiness. Of course, the fact that he was possessed is true, but by what? High feeling! It cannot be considered a “disease”. This love is great, the one that fills life with meaning and preserves a person from the degeneration of morals. This is the love that only a select few deserve.