The most famous bear cub in the world turns 85 today: Winnie-the-Pooh, Winnie de Poeh, Pu der Bär, Medvídek Pú, Winnie l "ourson, Kubuś Puchatek, Micimackó, Peter Plys, Ole Brumm and the more familiar Winnie the Pooh - it's all him.
His "official" birthday is August 21, 1921, the day Alan Alexander Milne gave his son a toy that became famous throughout the world. True, not right away - at first the name Winnie belonged to the Winnipeg bear, an “acquaintance” of little Christopher Robin, and only three years later it was “gifted” to the bear cub.
There were other options: Vinnie could become Edward. Edward Bear, from the diminutive Teddy Bear, as all teddy bears in England are called - “Teddy Bear”. Sometimes it is mistakenly believed that Winnie the Pooh there is a third name - Mr. Sanders. But this is not at all true: according to the book, he literally lived under this name, this is just an inscription on Vinnie’s house. Perhaps this is his older relative or just some kind of bear about which we know nothing.
Pooh also had many titles: Piglet's Friend, Rabbit's Companion, Discoverer of the Pole, Eeyore's Comforter and Tail Finder, Bear with a Very Low IQ and Christopher Robin's First Mate on the Ship, Bear with pleasant manners. By the way, in the last chapter, Winnie becomes a knight, so he can rightfully be called Sir Pooh de Bear, that is, Sir Pooh Bear, write the creators of the official website about Winnie the Pooh.
Christopher Robin's real-life toys also included Piglet, Eeyore without a Tail, Kanga, Roo and Tigger. Milne invented the Owl and the Rabbit himself, and in Shepard’s illustrations they look not like toys, but like real animals.
The prefix Pooh in the bear cub's name appeared thanks to a swan that lived with Miln's friends; he appears in the collection "When We Were Very Little." By the way, it should be pronounced correctly as “Pu,” but in the Russian language “pooh” has also taken root because it hints at the plumpness and fluffiness of the main character. However, in the book by Boris Zakhoder there is another explanation: “If a fly landed on his nose, he had to blow it away: “Pooh!” Pooh!" And maybe - although I'm not sure about it - maybe that's when they called him Pooh."
Winnie the Pooh - main character Milne's two books: Winnie-the-Pooh (the first chapter published in the newspaper before Christmas, December 24, 1925, the first separate edition was published on October 14, 1926 by the London publishing house Methuen & Co) and The House at Pooh Corner (House on Pooh Corner, 1928). In addition, Milne's two collections of children's poems, When We Were Very Young and Now We Are Six, contain several poems about Winnie the Pooh.
The Pooh books take place in Ashdown Forest in East Sussex, England, known in the book as The Hundred Acre Wood.
Who wrote "Winnie the Pooh"? A man who wanted to go down in the history of English literature as a serious writer, but entered and remained as the creator of the hero whom everyone knows from childhood - a plush bear with a head full of sawdust. Alan Alexander Milne created a series of stories and poems about a teddy bear, writing stories for his son, Christopher Robin, who also became the hero of the book.
Many of Milne's characters received names thanks to very real prototypes - his son's toys. Perhaps the most confusing is the story of Vinny himself. Winnipeg is the name of Christopher's pet bear. Milne brought his son to the zoo in 1924, and three years before that the boy received a bear as a gift for his first birthday, unnamed until that epoch-making meeting. He was called Teddy, as is customary in But after meeting a live bear, the toy was named Winnie in her honor. Gradually Vinnie made friends: loving father I bought new toys for my son, and the neighbors gave the boy Piglet as a gift. The author came up with such characters as the Owl and the Rabbit as the events in the book unfolded.
The first chapter of the story about the bear cub appeared on the eve of Christmas 1925. Winnie the Pooh and his friends stepped into a life that happily continues to this day. More precisely, Milne wrote two prose books and two collections of poetry about Vinnie. Prose collections are dedicated to the writer’s wife.
But the answer to the question of who wrote Winnie the Pooh will be incomplete without mentioning one more name. Ernest Shepherd, Punch magazine cartoonist, like Milne, was a veteran of the First World War. He became a true co-author of the writer, creating images of toy heroes the way generations of children imagine them.
Why so about the teddy bear and his friends? Probably because to many these stories, told one after another, resemble fairy tales that loving parents tell their children. Often such tales are simply made up at night. Of course, not all parents have the gift that Milne possessed, but this special atmosphere of a family, where the child is surrounded by love and care, is felt in every line of the book.
Another reason for such popularity is amazing language fairy tales. The author of "Winnie the Pooh" plays and has fun with words: there are puns, and parodies, including advertising, and funny phraseological units, and other philological delights. Therefore, not only children, but also adults love the book.
But again, there is no definitive answer to the question of who wrote Winnie the Pooh. Because "Winnie the Pooh" is a magical book, it has been translated best writers different countries, considering it an honor to help little fellow citizens meet funny For example, the book was translated into Polish by the sister of the poet Julian Tuwima Irena. There were several translations into Russian, but the text by Boris Zakhoder, which was published in 1960, became a classic, and millions of Soviet children began to repeat the screams and chants after Vinny the Bear.
A separate story is the film adaptation of a fairy tale. In the West, the Disney studio series is known, which, by the way, the main character of the book did not really like - And the Soviet cartoon with amazing voice acting, where the characters speak in the voices of E. Leonov, I. Savina, E. Garin, is still much more popular in post-Soviet space.
The one who wrote "Winnie the Pooh" was never able to free himself from the hugs of a teddy bear, but it was this book that brought him immortality.
Vinnie is the Corps' mascot. 1914
Like many other characters in Milne's book, Winnie the bear received his name from one of the real toys of Christopher Robin (-), the writer's son. In turn, the Winnie the Pooh teddy bear was named after a female bear named Winnipeg (Winnie), who was kept in the London Zoo in the 1920s.
The Pooh books are set in Ashdown Forest in East Sussex, England, represented in the book as the Hundred Acre Wood. The Hundred Acre Wood, translated by Zakhoder - Wonderful Forest).
List of stories/chapters
"Winnie the Pooh" is a duology, but each of Milne's two books is divided into 10 stories with its own plot, which can be read, filmed, etc. independently of each other. In many translations the division into two parts is not preserved; the stories may be numbered consecutively as chapters, and some of them may be skipped. But still, both books are usually translated and published together. (The exception was the unusual fate of the German Winnie the Pooh: the first book was published in German translation in 1928, and the second only in; between these dates there are a number of tragic events in German history.) Further, in parentheses, the title of the corresponding chapter is given in the retelling of Boris Zakhoder.
- First book - Winnie-the-Pooh:
- We Are Introduced to Winnie-the-Pooh and Some Bees and the Stories Begin(...in which we meet Winnie the Pooh and some bees).
- Pooh Goes Visiting and Gets Into a Tight Place(...in which Winnie the Pooh went to visit and found himself in a hopeless situation).
- Pooh and Piglet Go Hunting and Nearly Catch a Woozle(...in which Pooh and Piglet went hunting and almost caught Buka).
- Eeyore Loses A Tail and Pooh Finds One(...in which Eeyore loses his tail and Pooh finds it).
- Piglet Meets a Heffalump(...in which Piglet meets the Heffalump).
- Eeyore Has A Birthday And Gets Two Presents(...in which Eeyore had a birthday and Piglet almost flew to the moon).
- Kanga And Baby Roo Come To The Forest And Piglet Has A Bath(...in which Kanga and Little Roo appear in the forest and Piglet takes a bath).
- Christopher Robin Leads An Exposure To The North Pole(...in which Christopher Robin organizes an expedition to the North Pole).
- Piglet Is Entirely Surrounded By Water(...in which Piglet is completely surrounded by water).
- Christopher Robin Gives Pooh A Party and We Say Goodbye(...in which Christopher Robin throws a ceremonial Pyrgoroy and we say Goodbye to Everyone-Everyone).
- Second book - The House at Pooh Corner:
- A House Is Built At Pooh Corner For Eeyore(...in which a house is being built for Eeyore at Pooh Edge).
- Tigger Comes to the Forest and Has Breakfast(...in which Tigger comes into the forest and has breakfast).
- A Search is Organized, and Piglet Nearly Meets the Heffalump Again(...in which a search is organized, and Piglet again almost got caught by the Heffalump).
- It Is Shown That Tiggers Don't Climb Trees(...in which it turns out that Tigers don't climb trees).
- Rabbit Has a Busy Day, and We Learn What Christopher Robin Does in the Mornings(...in which the Rabbit is very busy and we meet Spotted Sasvirnus for the first time).
- Pooh Invents a New Game and Eeyore Joins In(...in which Pooh invents a new game and Eeyore joins it).
- Tigger Is Unbounced(...in which the Tiger is tamed).
- Piglet Does a Very Grand Thing(...in which Piglet accomplishes a great feat).
- Eeyore Finds the Wolery and Owl Moves Into It(...in which Eeyore finds his comrade and Owl moves in).
- Christopher Robin and Pooh Come to an Enchanted Place, and We Leave Them There(...in which we leave Christopher Robin and Winnie the Pooh in an enchanted place).
The most common version of Zakhoder's retelling has only 18 chapters; two of Milne's original chapters - the tenth from the first book and the third from the second - are omitted (more precisely, the tenth chapter is reduced to one paragraph, “tacked on” at the end of the ninth). In 1990, for the 30th anniversary of the Russian Winnie the Pooh, Zakhoder translated these two chapters and published a complete edition, but this text turned out to be relatively little known; The abridged version is still being republished, and so far only this one is presented on the Internet.
Character
Winnie the Pooh, aka D.P. (Piglet's Friend), P.K. (Rabbit's Pal), O.P. (Pole Discoverer), W.I.-I. (Eeyore the Comforter) and N.H. (Tail Finder) are a naive, good-natured and modest “Bear with Little Brains” (eng. Bear of Very Little Brain); in Zakhoder's translation, Vinny repeatedly says that there is sawdust in his head, although the original only once speaks of chaff ( pulp). Pooh is “scared by long words”, he is forgetful, but often brilliant ideas come into his head. Pooh's favorite pastimes are writing poetry and eating honey.
The image of Pooh is at the center of all 20 stories. In a number of initial stories, such as the story with the hole, the search for Beech, the capture of the Heffalump, Pooh finds himself in one or another “Despair” and often gets out of it only with the help of Christopher Robin. In the future, the comic features in the image of Pooh recede into the background before the “heroic” ones. Very often the plot twist in a story is this or that unexpected decision Pooh. The climax of the image of Pooh as a hero occurs in chapter 9 of the first book, when Pooh, offering to use Christopher Robin’s umbrella as a means of transport (“We’ll sail on your umbrella”), saves Piglet from imminent death; The entire tenth chapter is dedicated to the great feast in honor of Pooh. In the second book, Pooh's feat is compositionally matched by Piglet's Great Feat, which saves the heroes locked in a collapsed tree where the Owl lived.
In addition, Pooh is a creator, the main poet of the Hundred Acre (Wonderful) Forest, he constantly composes poems from the noise sounding in his head.
The name Winnie (it was borne by the bear after whom Pooh was named) is perceived by the English ear as characteristically feminine (“I thought it was a girl,” the father says to Christopher Robin in the prologue). In the English tradition, teddy bears can be perceived as both "boys" and "girls", depending on the choice of the owner. Milne calls Pooh by his pronoun more often male(he), but often leaves his gender uncertain (it). In the vast majority of translations, Pooh is masculine. The exception was the translation of Monika Adamczyk into Polish (), where the main character is a bear named Fredzia Phi-Phi. But this translation did not gain recognition; in Poland the pre-war translation by Irena Tuwim (sister of the poet Julian Tuwim) is considered classic, where Kubuś Puchatek masculine (moreover, even his name is replaced with a uniquely masculine one - Kubuś is a diminutive of Jakub). Winnie the Pooh has another name - Edward(Edward), a diminutive of which is the traditional English name for teddy bears - Teddy. Pooh's "surname" is always Bear; after he is knighted by Christopher Robin, Pooh receives the title Sir Pooh de Bear(Sir Pooh de Bear).
Authentic Christopher Robin toys: Eeyore, Kanga, Pooh, Tigger and Piglet. New York Public Library
A Winnie the Pooh teddy bear that belonged to Christopher Robin is now in the children's room of the New York Library. He doesn't look much like the bear we see in Shepard's illustrations. The illustrator's model was "Growler", his own son's teddy bear. Unfortunately, it was not preserved, having become the victim of a dog that lived in the artist’s family.
Pooh's best friend is Piglet. Other characters:
- Christopher Robin
- Eeyore (Eeyore)
- Little Roo
- Owl (Owl)
- Rabbit
- Tigger
Disney adaptations and sequel films
Disney Winnie the Pooh
Winnie the Pooh in the USSR and Russia
The image of Winnie the Pooh, created by artist E. Nazarov and animator F. Khitruk
Retelling by Boris Zakhoder
The history of Winnie the Pooh in Russia begins in 1958, when Boris Vladimirovich Zakhoder became acquainted with the book. The acquaintance began with an encyclopedic article. This is how he himself talked about it:
Our meeting took place in the library, where I was looking through the English children's encyclopedia. It was love at first sight: I saw a picture of a cute bear cub, read several poetic quotes - and rushed to look for a book. Thus began one of the happiest moments of my life: the days of working on Pooh.
“Detgiz” rejected the book manuscript (curiously, it was considered “American”). In 1960, it was published by the newly established publishing house " Child's world"with illustrations by Alisa Ivanovna Poret. The original title of the book (under which the first edition was published) was “Winnie-the-Pooh and the rest”, later the name “Winnie-the-Pooh and All-all-all” was established. In 1965, the book, which had already become very popular, was published in Detgiz. The imprint of the first few editions erroneously listed the book's author as "Arthur Milne". Already in 1967, the Russian Winnie the Pooh was published by the American publishing house Dutton, where most of the books about Pooh were published and in whose building Christopher Robin's toys were kept at that time.
Zakhoder always emphasized that his book is not a translation, but retelling, the fruit of Milne’s co-creation and “re-creation” in Russian. Indeed, his text does not always literally follow the original. A number of finds not found in Milne (for example, the various names of Pooh’s songs - Noisemakers, Screamers, Vopilki, Sopelki, Pyhtelki - or Piglet’s famous question: “Does the Heffalump like piglets? And How does he love them?”) fits well into the context of the work.
As already mentioned, for a long time Zakhoder’s retelling was published without two stories - “chapters” from Milne’s original; they were first translated by him and included in the collection Winnie the Pooh and Much More, published in 1990. The “complete” version of Zakhoder’s translation, however, is still little known compared to the earlier one.
Illustrations
IN Soviet time Several series of illustrations for “Winnie the Pooh” became famous.
More than 200 color illustrations, screensavers and hand-drawn titles for “Winnie the Pooh” belong to Boris Diodorov.
- Winnie the Pooh () - based on the first chapter of the book
- Winnie the Pooh is coming for a visit () - based on the second chapter of the book
- Winnie the Pooh and the Day of Worries () - based on the fourth (about the lost tail) and sixth (about the birthday) chapters of the book.
The script was written by Khitruk in collaboration with Zakhoder; the work of the co-authors did not always go smoothly, which ultimately became the reason for the cessation of the release of cartoons (it was originally planned to release a series based on the entire book, see Zakhoder’s memoirs). Some episodes, phrases and songs (primarily the famous “Where are we going with Piglet ...”) are absent from the book and were composed specifically for cartoons. On the other hand, Christopher Robin was excluded from the plot of the cartoon (against Zakhoder’s will); in the first cartoon his plot role was transferred to Piglet, in the second - to the Rabbit.
While working on the film, Khitruk wrote to Zakhoder about his concept of the main character:
I understand him this way: he is constantly filled with some kind of grandiose plans, too complex and cumbersome for the trivial things he is going to undertake, so the plans collapse when they come into contact with reality. He constantly gets into trouble, but not out of stupidity, but because his world does not coincide with reality. In this I see the comedy of his character and actions. Of course, he loves to eat, but that’s not the main thing.
A-list actors were hired to dub the series. Winnie the Pooh was voiced by Evgeny Leonov, Piglet by Iya Savvina, Eeyore by Erast Garin.
The cartoon series gained enormous popularity. Quotes from it became the common property of Soviet children and adults and served as the basis for creating the image of Winnie the Pooh in Soviet humorous folklore (see below).
For this cycle, among other works, Khitruk received the USSR State Prize in 1976.
Jokes
Winnie the Pooh and Piglet became characters in a cycle of Soviet jokes. This series is evidence of the popularity of cartoons among adults, since the jokes go far beyond the boundaries of “children’s humor,” and many are emphatically “not for children.” In them, a certain brutality and straightforwardness of the image of Pooh, already evident in Khitruk’s film, comes to the fore; “adult” traits are attributed to the bear - in addition to “the lover of eating,” Pooh becomes a lover of drinking and making jokes with sexual overtones. Often, in jokes in the spirit of black humor, the “gastronomic” qualities of Piglet are played out. Finally, jokes about Pooh and Piglet, like the cycle about Stirlitz, contain elements of a language game (in particular, puns), for example:
One day Piglet comes to Winnie the Pooh, and some bear opens the door.
- Hello, is Winnie the Pooh at home?
- Firstly, it’s not Winnie the Pooh, but Benjamin the bear, and secondly, he’s not at home!
Piglet, offended:
- Yeah, then tell me that the boar Fifty Kopecks came in!
Jokes continue to be created in post-Soviet times: for example, in one version of the text just given, the secretary of Pooh, the “new Russian,” is talking to Piglet, and in another joke, Piglet submits a denunciation “Winnie the Pooh lives well in the world” to the tax office.
Online humor
Winnie the Pooh brought to life a large layer of online humor. These are not only jokes, but also stories by different authors. The most popular topic is Winnie the Pooh as a hacker and sysop.
Publication of the original
J. T. Williams used the image of a bear to satire philosophy ( Pooh and the Philosophers, "Pooh and the Philosophers"), and Frederick Crews - in literary criticism ( The Pooh Perplex, "Pooh Confusion" and Postmodern Pooh, "Postmodern Fluff"). In "Pooh Confusion" a humorous analysis of "Winnie the Pooh" is made from the point of view of Freudianism, formalism, etc.
All these English-language works influenced the book of semiotician and philosopher V.P. Rudnev “Winnie the Pooh and the Philosophy of Ordinary Language” (the hero’s name is without a hyphen). Milne's text is dissected in this book using structuralism, the ideas of Bakhtin, the philosophy of Ludwig Wittgenstein and a number of other ideas of the 1920s, including psychoanalysis. According to Rudnev, “aesthetic and philosophical ideas always float in the air... VP appeared during the period of the most powerful flowering of prose of the 20th century, which could not but influence the structure of this work, could not, so to speak, not cast its rays on it.” This book also contains full translation both Milne's books about Pooh (see above, in the "New Translations" section).
Name in different languages
In English, between the name Winnie and the nickname Pooh goes article the, as is usually the case in nicknames (cf. the names of monarchs Alfred the Great - Alfred the Great, Charles the Bald - Charles the Bald, or literary and historical characters John the Baptist - John the Baptist, Tevye the Milkman - Tevye the Milkman); also, for example, the Netherlands. Winnie de Poeh and Yiddish װיני-דער-פּו ( Winy-dar-Poo). On many European languages his name is one of these two names: “Pooh Bear” (German. Pu der Bär, Czech Medvídek Pú, Bulgarian. Sword Pooh) or “Bear Winnie” (fr. Winnie l'ourson). The Poles, as already mentioned, call him Kubus (Yasha - diminutive of Jakub) Pukhatko (Polish. Kubuś Puchatek). There are also names where there is neither Winnie nor Pooh, for example, Hung. Micimackó, Danish. Peter Plys or Norse. Ole Brumm.
IN English language The "h" in the name Pooh is not pronounced; the name always rhymes with who or do; in German, Czech, Latin and Esperanto it is rendered Pu. Nevertheless, thanks to Zakhoder, the natural-sounding name very successfully entered into the Russian tradition Pooh(playing on Slavic words fluff, plump obvious in the Polish name). In the Belarusian translation by Vital Voronov - Belarusian. Vinya-Pykh, the second part of the name is translated as “Pykh”, which is consonant with Belarusian words puff(arrogance and pride) and out of breath.
In Zakhoder's retelling and in the credits of Soviet cartoons, Pooh's name is written, as in Milne's original, with a hyphen: Winnie the Pooh. In the 1990s, perhaps influenced Disney cartoons, Where Winnie the Pooh without a hyphen, the spelling version has become widespread Winnie the Pooh(for example, in the works of Rudnev and Mikhailova; in some editions of Weber’s translation there is a hyphen, in others there is not). In the Russian Spelling Dictionary of the Russian Academy of Sciences, edited by V.V. Lopatin, the name is written with a hyphen. In the non-standard Grammar Dictionary of the Russian Language by A. A. Zaliznyak, edition of the city, it is also given Winnie the Pooh. In accordance with the texts through which this name entered Russian culture, this article uses the traditional spelling - hyphenated.
Other interesting facts
Winnie the Pooh is so popular in Poland that in Warsaw and Poznan streets are named after him (Polish. Ulica Kubusia Puchatka).
The sign on Pooh's house reads "Sanders". This is used as a pun in the story: Pooh "lives under the name" Sanders.
In modern English there is a completely decent word Pu(English) Poo), meaning poop. The word sounds exactly like the name of a bear.
Winnie the Pooh's official date of birth is August 21, which is the day Christopher Robin Milne turned one. On this day Milne gave his son teddy bear(who, however, received the name Pooh only four years later).
Christopher Robin's toys, which became the prototypes of the characters in the book (except for Little Roo, who has not survived), are in the USA (given there by Milne the Father for an exhibition, and after his death acquired by the Dutton publishing house), were previously stored in the publishing house, and are now time exhibited in New York public library. Many British people believe that this is the most important part cultural heritage countries must return to their homeland. The issue of toy restitution was even raised in the British Parliament (1998).
More than one generation of our children grew up watching Soviet cartoons, and for the most part they became quite worthy people. For those born in the sixties, Winnie the Pooh was “one of our own,” domestic, he talked, sang and reasoned like so many citizens. This work of the Soyuzmultfilm studio is still very popular today, although, of course, in terms of the brightness of the image and the intensity of the events occurring on the screen, it is inferior to foreign films created by computers and designers from all over the world. Somehow, questions about who wrote “Winnie the Pooh” and how our little bear differs from Disney’s were left aside.
Author and creator
In Great Britain there once lived a prominent playwright, a happy father, a wonderful family man and a wealthy man, whose name was Alan Alexander Milne. In 1921, he gave his son a teddy bear for his first birthday. The event is the most ordinary - both in England and in other countries, many dads give gifts to their children. But talented person will find a reason to create a work even looking at such an ordinary toy, and this happened in 1926, when his son grew up a little. Five years later, a book was published, which was a collection of previously told and later written short stories, which his father composed on the go and used instead of fairy tales while raising little Christopher. Here is the answer to the question of who wrote "Winnie the Pooh". The author is the famous British writer A. A. Milne. Today, his other works are rarely remembered, but the stories about the adventures of the teddy bear have survived decades.
Characters and images
Own name main character received in honor of the living symbol of the veterinary corps of the Canadian army, the Winnipeg bear, which originated from the province of the same name. Almost all the characters in the story existed in real life in the form of toys (Eeyore without a tail, somehow torn off by Christopher, Piglet, Kanga, Little Roo and Tigger), only the Rabbit and the Owl were invented. The Wood (Wonderful, also known as the Hundred Acre Wood) also exists, it was acquired by Milne in East Sussex, although its area is not one hundred, but five hundred acres. In the twenties, the book immediately found its grateful readers, and their main question was not who wrote “Winnie the Pooh,” but whether there would be sequels. In 1928, the next, second, and, alas, last book with these heroes - “The House on Poohaya Edge”, just like the first one, which consisted of ten chapters.
By the way, although Milne composed stories for his son, he dedicated them to his mother and his wife Daphne. But the life of the beloved character did not end there, he is mentioned in two more poetry collections, but the real fame around the watering bear cub began to shine after the sale of the rights to the film adaptation of the work to Disney in 1961. The animated stories came one after another, and had almost no relation to the original source. Nobody even remembered who wrote “Winnie the Pooh”, why and for whom. The images of the characters were more important, and they were exploited in the best traditions of assembly line production.
Our Vinny
Soviet Vinnie also does not quite correspond to the image created by Milne. Moreover, it has significant differences with the teddy bear created by Boris Zakhoder, who translated the book from English in the late fifties, treated this work quite creatively, and introduced it into the source text significant changes. Therefore, if we have in mind the character of the Soviet three-part cartoon, then it would not be out of place to ask the question of who wrote “Winnie the Pooh”. The Russian bear cub was “composed”, as was customary in the USSR, collectively. Screenwriter B. Zakhoder, director F. Khitruk, artists and performers who voiced the soundtrack (E. Leonov, I. Savina, E. Garin) contributed. The creative team, unfortunately, did not have a common opinion on the image being created, which led to the premature closure of the project (many episodes were planned). It turned out very well, and even in the USA, the homeland of Walt Disney, there is an opinion that our cartoon is better than the American one, and the main character is livelier and more interesting.
Is it really that important today who wrote “Winnie the Pooh”? The main thing is that Alan Milne managed to create a certain image that became the basis for such diverse interpretations, inspired other masters and gave joy to children of the third millennium.