Sayings from different regions of the world. Proverbs and sayings from different peoples of the world. The fly doesn't mind dying in the coconut cream

Proverbs and sayings of Greece

Smart is not the one who knows a lot, but the one whose knowledge is useful

The happy man easily teaches the unhappy man

It is better to live in poverty, but honestly, than in wealth, but in fear.

In a dispute, the one who loses wins, because he has increased his knowledge

Great things don't happen right away

Talking a lot and saying a lot are not the same thing

Wisdom gives birth to happiness

Hunger makes food especially tasty

A woman's love is more dangerous than a man's hatred, because this poison is pleasant

Proverbs and sayings of India

A woman is wise by nature, a man is wise by books

Sources of well-being are hard work and tranquility

It's better to have a smart enemy than to be friends with a fool

Patience kills the powerless and makes the strong great

A scientist, a hero and a beauty will find shelter everywhere

A woman's coquetry is a sign of love

Kill greed - you will become happy

A worthy person is silent about his own virtues and other people's shortcomings

Proverbs and sayings France

The mind is caught in the net of passions, like a bird with its legs tied

A person's value is in the price he gives himself

Knowledge is stronger than fists

The main thing is not to run fast, but to run out in advance

Arrogance is having a high opinion of yourself and a low opinion of others.

Vices dull the mind, but wine destroys it

Marriage without commitment is a betrayal

Anyone who is afraid of illness is already sick

Proverbs and sayings Denmark

Only madness can be true

An expert is a person who has already made all the mistakes in his direction.

Proverbs and sayings of Italy

The worst trouble is waiting for it

The slanderer accuses when he praises

Everyone is a king in his own home

Manners make the man

If you love me, love my dog too

New year and new life

Every rule has its exception

Spanish sayings:

If there is no income, life is not sweet

In big water there are big fish

Georgian proverbs and sayings:

If you are rich, you are a sinner before the Lord, and if you are poor, you are a sinner before people.

With a fool kind word to say - to light a candle in the sun

When the owner is not having fun, then the guests are bored too

Japanese proverbs:

Without polishing, a diamond will not shine like a precious one.

An eggplant will not grow on a melon stem.

A noble man does not regret his life

Wealth and fame gained dishonestly will disappear like clouds

Both are to blame for the quarrel

What blooms will fade anyway

Dust accumulates - forms mountains

Conversation is stronger than violence

Funny aphorisms from Germany:

When you reach a girl's hand, you will always feel it in your pocket.

When the husband returns from a business trip, the wife arranges a scene of fidelity

Finances are either starting to end or they are starting to start

The English have a lot of opinion, but little thought. Germans have so many thoughts that they don’t have time to form an opinion about themselves.

Proverbs and sayings Poland:

Old age is a well of wisdom and experience. when you pass it on to the young, you deserve honor.

Youth is like spring middle age- summer, and old age - autumn, rich in impressions.

Only knowledge is true power, which can be acquired for a long time.

In this section we will talk about what a saying is.

A proverb is a phrase, a figure of speech that reflects some phenomenon of life. Often has a humorous character.

From the simplest poetic works, such as a fable or a proverb, they can stand out and independently turn into living speech, the elements in which condense their content; this is not an abstract formula of the idea of a work, but a figurative hint of it, taken from the work itself and serving as its substitute (for example, “a pig under an oak tree”, or “a dog in the manger”, or “he washes dirty linen in public”).

Dahl’s definition of “a coherent short speech, current among the people, but not constituting a complete proverb” is quite suitable for the saying, noting at the same time a special and very common type of saying - current expression, underdeveloped into a full proverb, new image, replacing an ordinary word (for example, “doesn’t knit” instead of “drunk”, “didn’t think of gunpowder” instead of “fool”, “pulling the strap”, “all my clothes are two mats, but a festive sack”). There is no proverb here, just as there is no work of art in an emblem that has only a once-for-all meaning.

A saying, unlike a proverb, does not contain a general instructive meaning. This is a rather important note that will be of interest to lovers of proverbs and sayings.

"Hunger is not an aunt"
"Don't spit in the well"
"The word is not a sparrow"
"Teach your grandmother to suck eggs"
“Called yourself a milk mushroom - get into the box”
"A fly in the ointment"
“Whatever you call the boat, that’s how it will float”
"Road Spoon for Dinner"
“Trust in God, but don’t make a mistake yourself”
"A friend in need is a friend indeed"
“Don’t swear off money or prison”
“I found a scythe on a stone”
“Without God you can’t reach the threshold”

Some sayings may sound similar, but different meaning. So, for example, along with the well-known proverb “Hitting means loving,” there is also a proverb that reflects folk wisdom“Strokes, means loves.”

A proverb is a widespread figurative expression that aptly defines any life phenomenon. Unlike proverbs, sayings are devoid of a direct generalized instructive meaning and are limited to figurative, often allegorical expression: it’s easy to hit the bullshit - all these are typical sayings, devoid of the character of a complete judgment. But a proverb, to an even greater extent than a proverb, conveys an emotional and expressive assessment of various life phenomena. A proverb exists in speech in order to express precisely and, above all, the feelings of the speaker. Thus, the proverb condemns work that is done roughly, as necessary, somehow: “Pull it down with a sack, then we’ll sort it out.”

Sayings, due to their peculiarity of figurative expressions, more often than proverbs, come closer to linguistic phenomena. Sayings have more national, national significance and meaning than proverbs. Sayings often have all the properties linguistic phenomena. This is the expression to put a pig in, that is, to cause trouble for someone. The origin of this saying is associated with the military system of the ancient Slavs. The squad became a “wedge”, like a boar’s head, or a “pig,” as Russian chronicles called this system. Over time, the meaning attached to this expression in ancient times was lost.

And finally, just for fun:

List of the most famous sayings retold scientific language:

1. “The dualistic principle of using agricultural implements on a hydraulic surface” (written with a pitchfork on water)

2. "The binary nature of the statements of an individual who has lost social activity"(Grandmother said in two)

3. “Problems of transporting liquids in vessels with variable density structure” (Carrying water in a sieve)

4. “Optimization of the operating dynamics of a draft vehicle, coupled with the elimination of an initially destructive transport unit” (A woman with a cart makes it easier for a mare)

5. "Weakly expressed relevance of application keyboard instruments among people of clergy" (what for the ass accordion)

6. “Non-standard methods of treating scoliosis by providing funeral services” (the hunchbacked grave will correct)

7. “Problems of increasing the fine dispersion of diatomic hydrogen oxide by mechanical means” (pound water in a mortar)

8. “Latent possibilities of using verbal means of communication to optimize work” (went to...)

9. "The positive impact of low IQ on increasing the totality of tasks in the process of implementation labor activity(work loves fools)

10. “Solipsism of poultry in relation to non-ruminant mammals of the order Artiodactyls” (the goose is not a friend to the pig)

11. "Characteristic external signs as a reason for usurping the most favorable social status at the market" (with a pig's snout and a Kalash line)

12. “Anthropomorphic approach to creating a marriage cell” (for whom the mare is the bride)

13. “Syndrome of refusal to legitimize, based on the lack of possibilities for quick personal identification” (I am not me, and the horse is not mine)

14. “The influence of seasonal weather conditions on the process of accounting for birds” (chickens are counted in the fall)

15. “The ambivalent nature of neural impulses emitted by the cerebral cortex” (both want and prick)

16. “Regularities of the relationship between the length of the keratinized epidermis and the amount of gray matter in the skull” (the hair is long, but the mind is short)

17. “A type of legal act that prevails over currency funds” (agreement more expensive than money)

18. “The inadmissibility of using standard elements of housing architecture while denying the culminating manifestation of contemplative-tactile emotions” (love is not a potato, you can’t throw it out the window)

19. “Neutrality of the taste characteristics of cruciferous plants in relation to vegetable crops middle zone Russia" (horseradish radish is not sweeter)

20. “Antithesis properties of mentally disabled subjects in the context of the implementation of state regulations” (the law is not written for fools)

21. “Lack of progress-regression in the body’s metabolism when changing the ratio of fats and carbohydrates in the traditional dish of sedentary peoples” (you can’t spoil porridge with butter)

Friendship of peoples is their wealth.
Bashkir proverb

Proverbs live in every nation, pass from century to century, and pass on the accumulated experience to new generations. The proverb itself does not argue - it affirms. It contains the final conclusion, it is the result of long reflection and therefore a categorical judgment about the world: “And in calm water there are crocodiles” (Malay), “Scorpio does not change his habits” (Uzbek), “Whoever draws a sword will die from it” (Arabic), “Many pilots - the ship breaks” (Chinese). The importance and beauty of proverbs were appreciated by the people themselves: “Speech without a proverb is like food without salt” (Amharic), “A proverb is an assistant to all matters” (Russian).

All peoples are unanimous in the statement that labor constitutes main value life: “The dust of labor is better than the saffron of inaction” (Arabic), “A tree is famous for its fruits, a man for his labors” (Azerbaijani), “You can’t pull a fish out of a pond without labor” (Russian). Countless proverbs ridicule the lazy and gullible: “I came running at the smell of barbecue, but it turned out that the donkey was being branded,” reflect an understanding of the move natural phenomena: “Every evening is followed by morning” (Turkish), “The sun’s disk cannot be covered with a sieve” (Arabic), “A spring day feeds the year,” “Winter without snow is summer without bread” (Russian), “A bee has a striped back, and you can’t call her a tiger” (Chinese).

Most of the world's proverbs and sayings are permeated with the pathos of humane ideas and pure feelings, contact with their world gives a person joy and emotional excitement.

According to V. P. Anikin

Read the proverbs different nations, explain their meaning, try to use them more often in conversations with friends.

Abkhazian

There would be a head, but there would be a hat.
What is sown on time comes up on time.
A tree is held together by its roots, and a person is held together by its relatives.
As you clap your hands, so I dance.
For those who don’t know how to work, the work never ends.

Azerbaijani

It's better to eat your own stale bread than someone else's pilaf.
The liar's house caught fire - no one believed it.
A good friend is closer than a brother.
For the sake of a friend, endure both blizzard and snow.

English

Empty dishes make the loudest noise.
Promise slowly, deliver quickly.
By doing nothing, we learn bad deeds.
Choose writers like you choose a friend.
Politeness opens all doors.
Gratitude is the least of virtues, ingratitude is the worst of vices.

Arabic

IN difficult moment- friend is right there.
In someone else's eye even a straw looks like a camel, but in your own -
I didn't notice the whole bridge.
The crown of courage is modesty.
The dignity of a word is in strength.
If you have done good, hide it; If they did something good to you, tell me.
He who speaks well listens well.
The ignorant is his own enemy.

Armenian

All that's left is until tomorrow - consider it stuck.
A bad joke is one that doesn't contain half the truth.
Until you grow old, you will not understand the old.
A wound inflicted by a sword will heal, but not by a tongue.

Assyrian

Life without a goal is a man without a head.
For every descent there is an ascent.
Drum sounds are good to listen to from afar.
As you do to others, they will do to you.
He who runs from a small difficulty will find himself faced with an even greater one.
Labor feeds a person, idleness spoils him.

Bashkir

In joy, know your limits, in trouble, do not lose faith.
A friend will say it to your face, an enemy will mutter behind your back.
The land is valued by bread, and man by business.
Ignorance is not a vice, unwillingness to know is a big vice.

Vietnamese

Without learning there is no skill.
A deep river cannot be measured with a short pole.
The stupidity of one minute destroys the work of wisdom that took three hours.
If you know, speak up; if you don’t know, listen to others.

Georgian

A tree is strong with roots, and a person is friends.
He who digs a hole for others, let him measure himself.
Every day is a holiday for the lazy.
A foolish person only remembers a friend in trouble.
It's easy to destroy, try to build.
A person's tongue can bring him both glory and shame.

Kazakh

A man with strong hands will overcome one, a man with strong knowledge will overcome a thousand.
Good advice is half the happiness.
A horse is recognized in a race, a man in business.

Chinese

Close neighbors are better than distant relatives.
Every craft has its first students.
The tall lamp shines far away.
Friends are better than old, clothes are better than new.
If you have a lot of talent, don’t be afraid that you’re unlucky now.
Walking slowly is better than standing.
It is better to demand from yourself than to ask from others.

Latvian

If you can’t stretch out your hand, you won’t be able to get a spoon from the shelf.
Where there is air, there is life.
If you are afraid of frost, do not go into the yard.
A sick person needs a doctor, a healthy person needs a job.

Lithuanian

Many hands will lift a heavy load.
Life is happiness in work.
Without pressing the coulter, you won't dig up a pie.

German

It's no use carrying firewood into the forest.
Time is gained - all is won.
IN good books willingly rummage.
Diligence is the father of happiness.
Whoever takes care of the arable land, the arable land takes care of him.

Ukrainian

If you want your bins to be full, get up with the rooster crowing.
Not the one in front who has overtaken, but the one in front who is pulling behind him.

French

Idleness is the mother of all vices.
Don't lose your mind, everything else will follow.
Laziness quietly destroys all virtues.
Strong is the one who brings down, but stronger is the one who lifts.

Uzbek

Spring floods the river, labor adds value to man.

Estonian

How you relate to the forest, so the forest treats you.
What you can't do alone, ten can do.
The craft has a gold mine.
Leaning on the mother's lap, the child grows quickly.

Japanese

It is better to know one craft well than to know a hundred poorly.
Your anger is your enemy.
Cold autumn once again don't open your mouth.
He who loves people lives long.
Don't laugh at the old, you'll grow old yourself.
To treat well, you need to love people.

Questions and tasks

Using the example of several proverbs, show their accuracy, wisdom, imagery and beauty.
What is the attitude towards good and evil, towards friendship, work and learning? various peoples peace? Support your answer with proverbs.
Prepare for the competition: “Who knows more proverbs and who can explain them better?”
Write an essay on one of the proverbs (your choice): “It is useless to carry firewood into the forest” (German), “In joy, know your limits, in trouble, do not lose faith” (Bashkir), “Be not quick to make promises, but be quick to fulfill them.” "(English), "Don't bite off more than you can chew" (American).
Of course, the list does not include proverbs of many peoples of the world. What proverbs of other countries do you know and which of them do you use in your speech?

Enrich your speech

What words do the terms “epic” and “storyteller” come from?
What feature of Russian speech is manifested in the words and phrases “into the blue sea”, “for the shells”, “in dark forest", "good squad"?
What is the manner of pronouncing most Russian epics?
What pathos permeates most proverbs? different countries peace?
In what case are proverbs easier to remember? What proverbs do you use in your speech? Give examples.
Proverbs from which countries of the world did you like? Say them.
Prepare a story based on one of the following proverbs (your choice): “Your anger is your enemy,” “Idleness is the mother of all vices,” “Diligence is the father of happiness.”

“We learn not from victories, but from defeats” - Japanese proverb

IN lately, I was interested in the topic of proverbs and sayings in different languages. I noticed that proverbs migrate from one language to another, slightly changing their meaning. It is interesting to know that, for example, the proverb “If you chase two hares, you will not catch either one,” is similar in Japanese (!) (二兎を追うものは一兎も追えず) and Russian.

I am very little familiar with Japanese, more with Chinese, but the very similarity of this proverb in such polar cultures is striking. Are there hares in Japan? Well, basically, it doesn't matter. The main thing is to know that proverbs are a reflection of the mentality and soul of the people, their way of life, their attitude. A proverb is always complete and carries a certain meaning.

As for the Russians and the English (try to analyze any two languages out of interest), then from the proverbs I noticed that Russian people are characterized by good nature, laziness, patriotism, conscientiousness, openness, and mutual assistance.

The British are characterized by hard work, rationality, love of freedom, and restraint.

The West is organized, the Russians are more disorganized. Again, I judge based on proverbs that reflect mentality. Both there are special people there. In fact, people are all different, we are similar only in our fears.

Below I will analyze verbatim proverbs from other languages. They sound interesting:

Chinese proverb .

A thorn defends the rose, harming only those who would steal the blossom.

The thorn protects the rose, hurting only those who try to steal it while in bloom.

German proverb.

God gives the nuts, but he does not crack them.

God gives the nuts, but does not grind them.

Thai proverbs.

Life is so short we must move very slowly.

Life is so short, we must move very slowly.

In a battle between elephants, the ants get squashed.

In the battle of elephants, the ants always get flattened.

Latin proverb .

Keep quiet and people will think you are a philosopher.

Be quiet and people will think you're a philosopher.

French proverb .

With enough “ifs” we could put Paris into a bottle .

If only you could put Paris in a bottle.

Japanese proverb.

An apprentice near a temple will recite the scriptures untaught.

An apprentice near the temple sets out manuscripts without studying.

African proverb .

A fly does not mind dying in coconut cream .

The fly doesn't mind dying in the coconut cream.

Indian proverb.

The cobra will bite you whether you call it cobra or Mr. Cobra.

A cobra will bite you, even a cobra, even if you call it “Mr. Cobra.”

Swiss proverb .

When in doubt who will win, be neutral.

When in doubt who will win, remain neutral.

Jewish proverb .

If God wants people to suffer, he sends them too much understanding.

If God wants people to suffer, he sends them too much understanding

Moroccan proverb.

Evening promises are like butter: morning comes, and it’s all melted.

Evening promises are like butter: morning comes and everything has melted away.

Egyptian proverb .

The barking of a dog does not disturb the man on a camel.

A barking dog does not bother a man on a camel.

Italian proverb .

Better an egg today than a hen tomorrow.

Better an egg today than a chicken tomorrow.

Malaysian proverb .

The turtle lays thousands of eggs without anyone knowing, but when the hen lays an egg, the whole country is informed.

A turtle lays thousands of eggs and no one knows about it. But when a chicken lays an egg, the whole country is notified.

American proverb .

The more sins you confess, the more books you will sell.

The more sins you admit to yourself, the more books you will sell.

Have a great day

Emelyanova Daria and Eremina Alina

The enthusiastic exclamation of Alexander Sergeevich Pushkin attracts attention to proverbs and increases interest in this small genre of oral folk art: “What a luxury, what a meaning, what a point in every saying of ours! What gold!”

A wise saying Academician Dmitry Sergeevich Likhachev convinced us of the relevance of the chosen topic:

“Deep penetration into the culture of the past and the cultures of other peoples brings times and countries closer together.”

What are proverbs? What's interesting about the proverb? What is their theme? We answered these questions in literature lessons. We wanted to know more about this genre of oral folk art, namely:

Problematic issue of the project:

Are there proverbs similar to Russian ones in the literature of other nations?

Hypothesis:

In the folklore of the peoples of the world there are wise sayings that are similar in theme and meaning to Russian proverbs.

Project goal:

Acquaintance with proverbs of different nations and their Russian analogues.

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Municipal educational institution - secondary school No. 3 of the city of Atkarsk, Saratov region

Hero's Name Soviet Union Antonova V.S.

RESEARCH PROJECT

PROVERBS OF THE PEOPLES OF THE WORLD AND THEIR RUSSIAN ANALOGUES

Emelyanova Daria,

Eremina Alina,

students of grade 7 "B"

MOU-SOSH No. 3.

Scientific supervisor:

Prokopenko Valentina Stepanovna,

teacher of Russian language and literature.

2017

Introduction.

Justification for choosing the topic.

Relevance of the project. _________________________________________ 3

Main part. _______________________________________________4

Theoretical part.

What is a proverb._________________________________________ 5

Proverbs about proverbs._________________________________ 5

Sayings about proverbs. ______________________________ 5

Practical part. Study.

Proverbs of the peoples of the world and their Russian analogues._______________ 6

Conclusion. _____________________________________________________ 6

List of used literature. _______________________________ 7

INTRODUCTION.

We will present a research project« Proverbs of the peoples of the world and their Russian analogues.”

Why did we choose this topic?

The enthusiastic exclamation of Alexander Sergeevich Pushkin attracted our attention to proverbs and increased interest in this small genre of oral folk art: “What a luxury, what a meaning, what a use is there in each of our sayings! What gold!”

And the wise statement of Academician Dmitry Sergeevich Likhachev convinced us of the relevance of the chosen topic:

“Deep penetration into the culture of the past and the cultures of other peoples brings times and countries closer together.”

What are proverbs? What's interesting about the proverb? What is their theme? We answered these questions in literature lessons. We wanted to know more about this genre of oral folk art, namely:

Problematic issue of the project:

Are there proverbs similar to Russian ones in the literature of other nations?

We assumed that

Hypothesis:

In the folklore of the peoples of the world there are wise sayings that are similar in theme and meaning to Russian proverbs.

Project goal:

Acquaintance with proverbs of different nations and their Russian analogues.

While working on the project, we decided on the following: tasks:

We studied theoretical information about proverbs and sayings,

We got acquainted with collections of proverbs from different peoples of the world,

We compared them with Russian analogues,

We found illustrations for proverbs,

Compiled electronic collection proverbs of the peoples of the world.

Research methods: studying literary source, analysis, description,systematization, generalization of the collected material.

Object of study: Proverbs of the peoples of the world.

Subject of research:Russian analogues of proverbs of other nations.

Result of work: Creation of an electronic illustrated collection of proverbs and a presentation to 7th grade students in literature lessons.

MAIN PART.

At the beginning of working on the topic, we turned to the dictionary and found out the meaning of the words “proverb” and “saying”.

(This information shown on the slide).

A proverb is a short wise saying that has an instructive meaning, containing a complete thought, worldly wisdom.

A saying is a bright, apt folk expression. A saying differs from a proverb in that it is part of a judgment.

We can read about what a proverb is in V.I.’s dictionary. Dahl: “A proverb is a short parable; She herself says that “naked speech is not a proverb.” This is a judgement, a sentence, a teaching, expressed in an oblique manner and put into circulation...

“There is no fee from a proverb”, “You cannot escape from a proverb”... No one knows who composed it; but everyone knows her and obeys her. This work and heritage is common, like joy and sorrow itself, like the experienced wisdom suffered by an entire generation, expressed in such a verdict ... "

Proverbs and sayings have been created over hundreds of generations. In these short and wise sayings love for the motherland, courage, bravery, faith in the triumph of justice, and the concept of honor are captured. The topics of proverbs and sayings are countless. They talk about learning, knowledge, family, hard work and skill.

Proverbs live in every nation, pass from century to century, and pass on the accumulated experience to new generations. The importance and beauty of proverbs were appreciated by the people themselves: “Speech without a proverb is like food without salt” (Amharic), “A proverb is an assistant to all matters” (Russian).

Proverbs about the Motherland appeared among all nations earlier than others. They express the ardent love of the people for their Fatherland.

Russian Proverbs about the Motherland:

For fish - the sea, for birds - the air, and for man - the Motherland.

Living in a foreign land means shedding tears.

There is no more beautiful country in the world than ours.

Beloved homeland - dear mother.

In a foreign land, even a dog grieves.

Everyone has their own side.

Every pine tree makes noise in its own forest.

To live is to serve the Motherland.

Be not only the son of your father - be also the son of your people. A man without a homeland is like a nightingale without a song.

The native land is sweet even in a handful.

The peoples of the world about their homeland:

A brave young man is born for the Motherland (Nogai).

The homeland is more expensive than another country (Bashkir).

There is also a tiger (Afghan) dog on his street.

Everyone is drawn to their native camp (Adyghe).

Without the beloved Motherland, the sun does not warm (Shorskaya).

It is better to lay down bones in the Motherland than to gain glory in a foreign land (Ukrainian).

You can leave your home, but not your homeland (Azerbaijani).

Homeland - foreign berry - bloody tear (Estonian).

All nations are unanimous in the statement that labor is the main value of life: “A tree is famous for its fruits, a man for his labors” (Azerbaijani proverb), “Without labor you cannot pull a fish out of a pond.”

Countless proverbs ridicule the lazy and gullible: “I came running at the smell of barbecue, but it turned out that the donkey was being branded.”

Many proverbs reflect an understanding of the course of natural phenomena: “Every evening is followed by a morning” (Turkish), “The morning is wiser than the evening” (Russian).

We read many proverbs from different peoples of the world on different topics and selected Russian proverbs that were close in meaning to them. We have a small collection of proverbs from the peoples of the world and their Russian equivalent.

CONCLUSION

Proverbs from different countries are very similar to each other, because at all times and among all peoples such human vices as cowardice, greed, laziness have always been condemned, and such qualities as resourcefulness, hard work, kindness, on the contrary, were welcomed and respected.

Comparing proverbs and sayings of different peoples of the world shows how much common all peoples have, which, in turn, contributes to their better mutual understanding and rapprochement. This idea is confirmed Bashkir proverb: “Friendship of peoples is their wealth.”

Most of the world's proverbs and sayings are imbued with the pathos of humane ideas and pure feelings; contact with their world gives a person joy and emotional excitement.

REFERENCES

Literature. 7th grade. Textbook for general education institutions. At 2 o'clock / auto-state V.Ya. Korovina. – M.: Education, 2009

Ozhegov S.I. Dictionary of the Russian language. / Ed. N.Yu. Shvedova. - M., 2000.