Victory Museum on Poklonnaya Hill- This main part memorial complex in honor of our country's victory in the Great Patriotic War, located on Kutuzovsky Prospekt in Moscow. This is the largest and most ambitious museum in Russia, telling today in detail about the events of this war, dedicated to the courage and heroism shown by the soldiers and the people as a whole.
Today the museum is a whole developed system of various exhibition projects: artistic and thematic, stationary and mobile, domestic and foreign.
The museum part of the ensemble includes the halls of Generals, Memory and Glory, an art gallery, six dioramas dedicated to the main battles of the Great Patriotic War, halls historical exposition. In addition, the museum building houses a film lecture hall, exhibition hall for organizing thematic exhibitions, a meeting hall for veterans and a cinema hall for showing newsreels and documentaries.
Excursions in the Victory Museum
The museum regularly organizes excursions in various directions: for adults, for foreigners, excursion programs for schoolchildren, thematic excursions, interactive excursions.
The cost of excursions at the Victory Museum varies depending on excursion program and the number of people in the group - from 250 rubles. per person up to 5000 per group (up to 4 people).
The main sightseeing tours in the museum (lasting 1 hour 30 minutes) are:
- excursion “Motors of War. Unknown, rare and famous"
- excursion program to the diorama complex “Six Battles in History” and children’s excursion “We won”,
- tour of open area weapons exhibitions, military equipment and engineering structures “Weapons of Victory” (held from March to October).
In addition to excursions and thematic programs The museum hosts history and Russian literature for schoolchildren, as well as educational and developmental programs and quests for children. can be read on the official website of the Victory Museum.
Laser tag at the Victory Museum
From Tuesday to Friday, games of laser paintball or laser tag are held on Poklonnaya Gora. The game lasts 50 minutes. First, players undergo a ten-minute briefing, and then the fun begins. You can choose any game scenario. Price on weekdays is 500 rubles, on weekends - 700 rubles.
How to get to the Victory Museum
You can get to the WWII Museum in Moscow by metro, buses, personal transport and taxi.
Metro to the Victory Museum
The nearest metro station is “Park Pobedy” (Arbatsko-Pokrovskaya line - blue and Solntsevskaya line - yellow), 2 exits of which are located in the park itself. Within walking distance (within 10 minutes) there are several more metro stations: Minskaya (Solntsevskaya line - yellow), Kutuzovskaya (Arbatsko-Pokrovskaya line - blue), Filevsky Park, Bagrationovskaya and Fili (Filyovskaya line - blue).
Ground transportation
Buses to the park: No. 157, 205, 339, 523, 840, N2 (Metro stops "Park Pobedy", "Poklonnaya Gora", "Park Pobedy (Kutuzovsky Prospekt)"), No. 442, 477 (Metro stop "Park Pobedy" Victory Park”), No. 91, 474 (stops “Poklonnaya Gora”, “Victory Park (Kutuzovsky Prospekt)”).
Minibus taxi to the park: No. 339k, 454 (metro stops “Park Pobedy”, “Poklonnaya Gora”, “Park Pobedy (Kutuzovsky Prospekt)”).
How to get there by car
You can get to Victory Park in Moscow by car along Kutuzovsky Prospekt or Minskaya Street, but you should definitely take into account the situation on the roads: during traffic jams, it’s still faster and more convenient to take the metro.
To get to the park comfortably, you can use taxi apps (Uber, Gett, Yandex. Taxi, Maxim) or car sharing (Delimobil, Anytime, Belkacar, Lifcar).
Video about the Victory Museum in Moscow
The museum's collection includes exhibits that introduce visitors to the history of the Air Defense Forces, as well as their contribution to the Victory of the USSR in World War II. In addition, the exhibition talks about the participation of air defense soldiers in local conflicts in different times in various regions of the world.
Moscow region, Balashikha urban district, Zarya microdistrict, Lenina street, 6
The exhibition features airplanes, helicopters, aircraft engines, weapons, and rescue equipment, covering the entire history of domestic aviation - from 1909 to the present. Visitors can get acquainted with the design of aircraft, as well as better learn the history of aviation through photographic materials and rare documents. The museum is located on the territory of the air force base.
Moscow region, Shchelkovsky district, pos. Monino, st. Museum, 1.
The unique museum and memorial complex is dedicated to the pride of the domestic tank industry - the T-34 tank. The exhibition presents documents and materials about the history of the creation and development of the tank, artifacts about the combat use of equipment during the Great Patriotic War, as well as eight tanks and a self-propelled artillery unit.
Moscow region, Sholokhova village, 89A, Mytishchi district, p/o Marfino
On display at the museum complex open air presented: the B-396 submarine, the Orlyonok ekranoplane, the Skat hovercraft, as well as a large exhibition of the navy. It is noteworthy that visiting the exhibition on your own is free.
Park "Northern Tushino", st. Freedom, possession 50-56
The museum's collection includes more than 350 pieces of armored weapons and equipment from 14 countries. About 60 museum exhibits exist in a single copy. The exhibition covers an area of more than 12 hectares and is one of the largest in the world on this topic.
Moscow region, Odintsovo district, Kubinka-1.
The collection of the Vadim Zadorozhny Museum contains more than 1000 exhibits. This includes military equipment, rare cars and motorcycles, and aircraft of both domestic and foreign production. The exhibition occupies three floors and an alley, with a total area of 6 thousand square meters. The museum is the largest private collection of technology not only in the capital, but also in Russia.
Moscow region, pos. Arkhangelskoye, Ilyinskoye highway, building 9
The famous Central Museum of the Great Patriotic War is part of Memorial complex Victory on Poklonnaya Hill in the capital. In the museum part of the ensemble there are halls of Memory and Glory, an art gallery, six dioramas, historical exhibition halls, a film lecture hall, a meeting hall for veterans and other premises.
The military-historical exhibition includes five sections covering the period of the country's life on the eve of the Great Patriotic War, three stages during the war and the historical significance of the Great Victory.
The museum is constantly growing; lectures, film screenings, meetings and thematic exhibitions are regularly held on its territory.
St. Brothers Fonchenko, 10.Address
Moscow region, Khimki, Maria Rubtsova square
5th Kotelnichesky lane, 11
Photo: www.mvpvo.ru, www.cruisesv.ru, museum-t-34.ru, img13.nnm.me, tmuseum.ru, www.mbtvt.ru, travel.mos.ru, moskprf.ru, www.museum. ru, nesiditsa.ru, vk.com/bunker42_nataganke
The Central Museum of the Armed Forces, founded in 1919, is largest museum military equipment in Moscow and even in the world. The exhibition is located both in the open area and in numerous halls. More than 800,000 exhibits, the richest stock collections, one and a half hundred pieces of military equipment, regular thematic exhibitions are available to guests and visitors.
The open area will arouse the interest of anyone, regardless of age. Samples of military equipment from Katyusha to third-generation fighters, tanks and self-propelled guns, ballistic missiles, artillery - a total of 157 units.
The exhibits are located behind low barriers, so little ones won’t be able to climb them, but you can see everything in detail.
The exhibition in 24 halls is dedicated to the history of the Russian army from the civil war to the present time. Here, military equipment is presented in the form of models; they are beautifully made and logically fit into the theme of the halls. Many photographs, awards and personal belongings of commanders and ordinary soldiers, samples military uniform, weapons and equipment. The trophies of the Great Patriotic War are interesting; among them there are even fragments of the Reichstag lining with the autographs of Soviet soldiers.
The museum constantly organizes visiting exhibitions both at venues in Moscow and in other cities of Russia and abroad.
The Museum of the Russian Armed Forces is located at: Moscow, st. Soviet Army, 2 . You can get there from the Novoslobodskaya metro station by trolleybus No. 69, the stop is called “Central Museum” Armed Forces" Those who like to walk (about 15 minutes) will need to walk from the metro along Seleznyovskaya Street, choosing its left side, to Suvorovskaya Square and Sovetskaya Armiya Street. The museum will be right side, the building is very solid, with strict rectangular columns and gray façade cladding. To the right of the entrance is a tank, the famous T-34, so you won’t be able to miss the museum.
Second option: trolleybus No. 13 runs from the Tsvetnoy Boulevard metro station to the same stop. A walk will also take about 15 minutes, along the left side of Tsvetnoy Boulevard to Suvorovskaya Square and further to the museum.
History of the museum
Over almost a hundred years of existence, the Armed Forces Museum, like a true military man, often moved from place to place with all its belongings, without losing a single exhibit. The opening took place at the end of 1919, on the second anniversary of the Workers 'and Peasants' Red Army (RKKA), after the defeat of General Denikin's troops.
The first permanent exhibition was called “The Life of the Red Army and Navy”, it was located in the building of the current GUM, and samples of military equipment of those years were exhibited right on Red Square.
In the summer of 1921, by order of Commander-in-Chief S. Kamenev, the exhibition was officially named a museum and a year later it was moved to Prechistenka, to the halls of an ancient mansion.
The year after the fifth anniversary of the Red Army was again marked by a move: there were already more than 10,000 small exhibits, plus large units, and the authorities wanted to organize grandiose exhibitions. “Train of the Chairman of the Russian Military Socialist Republic L. Trotsky” was the name of one of the exhibitions, and one can only guess how much space might be needed for it. The Military Academy provided one of its buildings on Vozdvizhenka, the museum moved to a new location.
February 1927 - moving again, to the left wing of the CDKA building (Central House of the Red Army) on what is now Suvorov Square. Finally, a permanent exhibition was opened consisting of several sections, selected by theme and chronology. The day before round date Victory On May 8, 1965, the museum received full disposal of a new building with a vast adjacent territory at its current address.
The spacious building allowed the museum to have equipped storage facilities and create new funds. Open collection of small arms, film and photographic materials, paintings, archival records - the list goes on. It is important that even closed storerooms have access for visitors; you just need to sign up in advance, and you will need an ID to enter.
The collections were collected over the years, employees traveled to places of hostilities both during the Great Patriotic War and during Afghan war. It is no coincidence that exhibition plans were sent to eminent specialists for examination - the exhibition of events in Afghanistan constantly attracts attention, visitors say that it touches the soul.
Nineties - began new stage, the museum was named after the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation. The changes affected not only the name, the theme itself was updated. Peacekeeping missions in hot spots, modern trends in the development of the army and an excursion into the past, pre-revolutionary materials about the army of the Russian Empire.
The famous exhibitions “Russia in Two Wars” (1993) and “Returned Relics of the Russian Army and Navy” (1996) brought back visitors to the museum, and now the number of guests amounts to more than one and a half million people a year.
How to get there, tickets, cost, opening hours
The Museum of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation has several branches located both in Moscow itself and in the nearest cities near Moscow.
The museum-office of G.K. Zhukov in the old building of the General Staff of the Armed Forces occupies three halls and is open from 10.00 to 17.00, except Monday and Tuesday.
Cost of excursions:
- for adults 700 rub.,
- for schoolchildren – 500 rubles,
- for pensioners – 200 rubles,
- for foreigners – 350 rubles.
Groups of 15–20 people are formed for foreign citizens– from 5 people.
Central Museum of the Russian Air Force in Monino on Muzeynaya street, 1 - from Monday to Friday, from 9.00 to 17.00, Wednesday and Sunday - days off. You can get there by train from Yaroslavsky railway station to Monino station, or from the Perovo metro station by minibus No. 587, or by bus No. 322 from the Partizanskaya metro station.
Tickets for viewing the exhibition:
- for adults it will cost 150 rubles,
- for preferential categories of citizens with identification documents - 60 rubles.
- Multi-faceted excursions for 30 people cost from 1,500 rubles. up to 2000 rub. for foreigners.
- For one topic - from 700 and 800 (for schoolchildren) to 1000 rubles. (adults).
Museum of Air Defense Forces: Balashikha, st. Lenina, 6, open from 10.00 to 17.00, break from 13.00 to 14.00, days off - Monday and Tuesday. Transport from Moscow - train from Kursky station, Gorkovsky direction, to the Zarya platform. Excursions by appointment only, groups of 5–25 people.
Price:
- for adults 100 rub.,
- children and pensioners, students – 70 rubles,
- photography will cost 300 rubles.
Museum of the Strategic Missile Forces, Vlasikha village, 20 km from Moscow, closed area. Open from 9.00 to 18.00, lunch 13.00–14.00, excursions by appointment only.
Stalin's bunker, Sovetskaya st. 80, p.1. Directions from the Partizanskaya metro station to the Izmailovo sports and recreation complex. Group excursions only, strictly by appointment.
Price:
- for adults 600 rub.,
- for schoolchildren and pensioners 200 rubles.
- Minimum groups from 10 to 24 people (for beneficiaries).
- Prices for foreigners from 1 to 10 or more people – from 4,900 to 1,200 rubles. respectively.
1. Light tank Prague 38-T (Pz. Kpfw. 38(t) Ausf. F) made in Czechoslovakia. The light tank was developed in the spring and summer of 1937 on the basis of the TNHP export vehicle. It was supposed to produce 400 tanks for the Czechoslovak army, but by March 1939, when Czechoslovakia was occupied by Germany, only 10 LT vz were produced. 38. After studying the tank by German specialists, the production of LT vz. 38 was continued under the designation Pz.Kpfw.38(t). In November 1940, production began of the Ausf.E modification with a straightened frontal plate and reinforced armor. A total of 1,424 tanks of the family were produced from May 1939 to June 1942. The tank served as the basis for the creation of self-propelled artillery units.
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3. Medium tank T-III (Pz.Kpfw.III Ausf.L) made in Germany. The medium tank was developed in 1935; from the beginning of 1937 to August 1943, 5065 tanks of this type were produced. The tanks of the first series had bulletproof protection; at the end of 1938, the thickness of the armor increased to 30 mm in the frontal part. At the end of 1940, the most popular version of the tank, the Pz.Kpfw.III.Ausf.J, was developed. Based on the experience of the French company, the armor was strengthened to 50 mm in the frontal part, and many changes were made to the hull and turret. From March 1941 to March 1942, 1,602 Pz.Kpfw.IIIs with the 50 mm KwK 38 L/42 gun were produced.
4. The one that is closer is the Marder III self-propelled artillery mount. On December 22, 1941, the German Armaments Directorate initiated the development of a tank destroyer on the chassis of the Czech-made Pz.Kpfw.38(t) light tank (the one next in the photo). The first version of the self-propelled gun was armed with a 76-mm Pak 36(r) anti-tank gun, which was a conversion of the Soviet 76-mm F-22 divisional gun of the 1936 model. The presented sample was developed in the spring of 1943. The self-propelled gun received a chassis with a forward-biased engine, a fighting compartment in the rear, and a 75-mm Pak-40 anti-tank gun. In the fall of 1943, this version of the self-propelled gun, which initially had a long index, received the designation Marder III Ausf.M. In total, from 1942 to 1944, 1,756 self-propelled guns of the Marder III family were produced, including 975 Marder III Ausf.M.
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8. 160-mm divisional mortar MT-13 model 1943, manufactured in the USSR. Developed at the design bureau under the leadership of I. G. Teverovsky. The originality of its design was that it had an inseparable wheeled carriage and was loaded from the breech. When the handle was turned, the barrel took a horizontal position. After the mine was sent into the barrel, it returned to the firing position under the influence of its weight. The mortar was a breakthrough weapon and effectively destroyed enemy field fortifications and suppressed his batteries.
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10. In addition to military equipment, the site for military equipment also contains full-size engineering structures.
11. Everything inside is authentic, but closed - otherwise they would have taken it away.
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13. Wheeled-tracked flamethrower tank T-46-1 made in the USSR. This tank was developed in 1933-34 by the design bureau of plant No. 185 under the leadership of A.M. Ivanova. It was assumed that this vehicle would replace the T-26 light tank in mass production. In addition to the wheel-track design, the T-46-1 was distinguished by the installation of a smoke exhaust system in the body, as well as a KS-45 flamethrower located to the right of the gun. The T-46-1 was put into service with the Red Army on February 29, 1936; in December, plant No. 174 produced 4 tanks. In 1937, the tank was withdrawn from service due to its complexity and high cost. The released tanks were used as long-term firing points on the Leningrad Front.
14. Portable rifle shield Germany. Purpose of the structure: for protection from bullets and shrapnel during shooting and observation. When equipping the positions of infantry units with engineering equipment in conditions of limited time and difficult to develop soils, the Wehrmacht used service armored rifle shields, which were transported with the property of engineering warehouses or with infantry units. The Wehrmacht manuals recommended their repeated use.
15. 37-mm automatic anti-aircraft gun model 1939 (61-K) (GRAU index - 52-P-167) - Soviet anti-aircraft gun during the Great Patriotic War. Developed based on the Swedish 40 mm Bofors gun. Chief designer - M. N. Loginov. It was the first Soviet automatic anti-aircraft gun put into large-scale production. On the basis of the 61-K, a family of naval anti-aircraft guns was created; this gun was installed on the first Soviet serial self-propelled anti-aircraft guns on the ZSU-37 tracked chassis. 37-mm 61-K anti-aircraft guns were actively used throughout the Great Patriotic War and were in service with the Soviet Army for a long time. In addition to fighting attack aircraft, fighter-bombers and dive bombers, the 61-K was also used as an anti-tank gun in 1941. In the post-war period, many guns were delivered abroad and took part in various post-war conflicts as part of foreign armies. The 61-K is still in service with the armies of many countries to this day.
16. In addition to ordinary military equipment, there are also very rare exhibits - trains, ships and airplanes. But more on that a little later. Exhibit “we don’t smoke here” :)
17. Passenger car Mercedes 170B produced in 1936 (those that are closer). The car was developed in the mid-30s as the most popular model of this brand. From 1935 to 1942, 71,973 vehicles of this type were produced. During the war, Mercedes cars served the Wehrmacht officers. The car body was found at the battle site in Kaluga region search group "Crew". It was brought into exhibition form by V.I. Batanov (Yarsolavl) and donated to the museum in 2000.
18. On the left is a 1936 BMW 321. It was used by the junior command staff of the Wehrmacht. This car was exported from Germany and served by the management of the Moscow bakery. Purchased in 2000 by the Museum from the search group "Crew". On the right is a 1935 Opel Olympia. She is named after olympic games, held in 1936 in Berlin. The car has a monocoque body with built-in headlights, light weight and good aerodynamics. A total of 168,878 cars were produced from 1935 to 1940. During World War II they were used as auxiliary vehicles in the armed forces of Nazi Germany. Found near the city of Borisoglebsk, Voronezh region. The car was restored and donated to the museum by the president of the Favorit-Motors group of companies, V.V. Popov. in May 2008.
19. Passenger car Gaz-67B produced in the USSR. The prototype of the car was the NATI-AR and GAZ-64 models, developed at the Scientific Automotive and Tractor Institute and at GAZ. Since the end of 1942, the GAZ-64 car was modernized and received the name GAZ-67, in 1943 - GAZ-67B. From 1942 to 1953, 62,843 cars of various modifications were produced. Based on the design of the vehicle of both modifications, light two-seater armored vehicles BA-54 and BA-64B were developed and produced.
20. Floating amphibious vehicle "Ford GPA" made in the USA. This amphibian was intended to perform reconnaissance missions related to the need to overcome water obstacles. The Ford car presented at the exposition was produced in 1944. It is a general-purpose vehicle, developed on the basis of the Ford GPV (4x4) all-wheel drive passenger car. Supplied to the USSR under the Lend-Lease program. Participated in the fighting during the crossing of the Oder River. At the end of the war, the car was taken from Germany to one of the Soviet military units.
21. Bofors L60 - an automatic 40 mm anti-aircraft gun, developed in 1929-1932 by the Swedish company Bofors. It was widely used during the Second World War, both in land and ship versions, and was in service in many countries around the world. Its further development was the Bofors L70 gun. Bofors L60 is often referred to simply as "Bofors".
22. GAZ-AA truck made in the USSR. The most popular truck model of the early 30s (the legendary lorry). This car was produced in 1942. Exhibition car found in battlefields in Smolensk region and donated to the museum in June 2000.
23. 122-mm field howitzer model 1910/30, produced in the USSR. Developed in 1910, modernized in 1930 by designer N.V. Sidorenko. The volume of the charging chamber in the barrel, the weight of the propellant charge, and the firing range were increased. The howitzer was used during the Soviet-Finnish war of 1939-1940 and in battles initial period WWII.
24. Passenger car GAZ-M1 made in the USSR. And at the one that took place recently there was a modification of a pickup truck based on the M1. The prototype of the M1 was the American Ford B model.
25. Railway artillery transporter TM-1-180 USSR. Developed at the Leningrad Metal Plant in 1935. The B-1-P gun with a caliber of 180 mm was developed and manufactured at the Leningrad Bolshevik plant. The installation is designed for firing at sea and land targets directly from railway tracks without specially prepared permanent foundations. The transporter had its own engine for moving over short distances: 3-4 minutes after the ceasefire, it left the position. In 1941, the USSR had 20 TM-1-180 transporters in service. Railway transporters took part in hostilities until the last days of the war. Fort Krasnaya Gorka became the last position for the surviving transporters. They were in service until 1961.
26. Heavy tank KV-1S (KV-1 high-speed) USSR. It was developed on the basis of the KV-1 tank in the summer of 1942 by SKB-2 ChKZ under the leadership of N.L. Dukhova. The combat weight of the KV-1S, compared to the KV-1, was reduced from 47.5 to 42.5 tons by reducing the thickness of the lower frontal plate, side plates and hull rear. The tank received a new cast turret, which became smaller in size and received a commander's cupola with 5 observation devices. The KV-1s was adopted by the Red Army on August 20, 1942; by September 1943, 1,083 tanks of this type were produced. Based on the KV-1S, the KV-85 heavy tank and the SU-152 self-propelled gun were developed.
27. Rocket artillery combat vehicle BM-13 N "Katyusha". Developed in 1939 by Design Bureau NII-3 under the leadership of A.G. Kostikova. The system was put into service in 1941. It is a missile launcher mounted on a vehicle and designed for salvo firing of 132 mm high-explosive fragmentation rockets.
28. The famous medium tank T-34. It was developed in 1939 by the design bureau of plant No. 183 (Kharkov) under the leadership of M.I. Koshkina, A.A. Morozova and N.A. Kucherenko on the basis of experimental tanks A-20 and A-32. The T-34 was put into service on December 19, 1939, even before testing began. The T-34 became the most popular tank of World War II: from June 1940 to September 1944, 35,478 vehicles of this type were produced. In the fall of 1941, the Krasnoye Sormovo shipyard (factory No. 112) joined the production of the T-34 tank. In 1941, Plant No. 112 delivered 161 tanks, and in 1942 already 2612 T-34s and 106 flamethrower OT-34s. Distinctive feature tanks produced by plant No. 112 had a cast turret; in 1942, handrails for landing were added.
29. Light tank T-26 double-turret, produced in 1931-1933. In 1930, a special purchasing commission of the UMM purchased a license for the production of the light English tank Vickers Mk.E Type A. This vehicle was adopted on February 13, 1931 by the Red Army under the designation T-26. Compared to the Vickers MK.E Type Abylo, many changes were made to the design, and Soviet-made weapons were installed. From 1931 to 1933, 1,626 T-26s were produced in the twin-turret version, of which 450 were armed with machine guns and cannons. As of June 1, 1941, there were 1,261 double-turret T-26s in the Red Army.
30. Light tank T-26 with a cylindrical turret, produced in 1933-1938. Developed at the end of 1932 in the design bureau of the Bolshevik plant under the leadership of S.A. Ginsburg. The series included a turret with a developed rear niche and a 45-mm 20-K cannon of the 1932 model as the main armament. This T-26 model, which replaced the two-turret version in production, was produced from 1933 to 1938; in total, about 6,000 tanks of this type were produced. During production, the tank received an improved 45-mm cannon of the 1934 model.
31. The closest one to us is the 203-mm high-power howitzer B-4M, model 1931. Developed in the design bureau of the Bolshevik plant (Leningrad. The project manager was initially F.F. Lender, and after his death A.G. Gavrilov. The combination of a powerful projectile with a large elevation angle and a variable charge, giving 10 initial velocities, determined the brilliant qualities of a howitzer. It destroyed enemy shelters and suppressed distant hidden targets. After the war, the B-4 was modernized: the tracked drive was replaced with a wheeled one.
32. Middle - 152-mm BR-2 gun, model 1935. Developed at the Barrikady plant (Stalingrad) by placing a 152 mm barrel on the carriage of a 230 mm B-4 howitzer of the 1931 model. It was an artillery weapon of the RVGK and was intended to destroy deep-lying reserves, advanced airfields, railway stations, junctions, large bridges, headquarters and the destruction of concrete structures. According to its ballistic data and the power of the projectiles, the gun ensured destruction of the entire depth of the tactical defense zone and the nearest rear.
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34. The exposition gradually flows into an exhibition of aviation achievements of mankind.
35. Another GAZ-67B with fabric doors and the same top.
36. I-15bis fighter of the USSR. Developed in 1935 at the Central Design Bureau of N.N. Polikarpov as further development I-15 fighter. The I-15bis was a single-seat biplane of mixed design with an open cockpit and fixed landing gear. A total of 2,408 aircraft of this type were produced. The exhibition features a full-size copy of a fighter produced in 1938, which was part of the 71st fighter aviation regiment of the Red Banner Baltic Fleet Air Force.
37. Di-6 fighter of the USSR. It was developed in 1934 by the oldest figure in Russian aviation, naval pilot of the First World War and subsequently test pilot S.A. Kochergin and V.P. Yatsenko. The Di-6 was a two-seat semi-wing of mixed design with an open cockpit and retractable landing gear. A total of 222 aircraft were produced, including 61 Di-6Sh attack aircraft. The aircraft took part in the Polish campaign of the Red Army, and from then on in 1940 it was transferred to training units. The exhibition features a full-size copy of a two-seat fighter of the 1936 model, which was part of the 6th assault aviation regiment of the Leningrad Front (Maisniemi airfield) in 1941.
38. Po-2 training aircraft of the USSR. Developed in 1928 at the Central Design Bureau N.N. Polikarpova. The aircraft was a two-seat biplane of mixed design with an open cockpit and a fixed landing gear. The aircraft was intended for mass pilot training. Actively used for combat missions: reconnaissance leading edge enemy, communication between command and headquarters, evacuation of the wounded from the front line, supplying partisan detachments, and also as a night light bomber. A total of 33,000 aircraft (14 modifications) were produced. During World War II, the women's bomber regiment was armed with Po-2 aircraft.
39. Light reconnaissance bomber Su-2 USSR. Developed in 1937 at the P.O. Design Bureau. Sukhoi. The aircraft was a single-seat all-metal monoplane with a closed cockpit and retractable landing gear. Serial production began in 1940, and in December the aircraft was renamed Su-2. A total of 893 aircraft of this type were produced until 1942. Su-2s were used as short-range bombers and reconnaissance aircraft. The exhibition features a copy of the Su-2 aircraft, which in 1942 was part of a separate attack aviation group of the 8th Air Army of the Stalingrad Front.
40. Long-range bomber Il-4 (LB-3F) USSR. An all-metal twin-engine monoplane with retractable landing gear was created at the Central Design Bureau of S.V. Ilyushchina. The first flight took place in March 1936, it was built in series since 1937. Produced by factories No. 18 (Voronezh), No. 126 (Komsomolsk-on-Amur), No. 23 and No. 39 (Moscow). A total of 6,563 copies of the DB-3 and Il-4 were produced. On August 8, 1941, 15 DB-3T aircraft carried out the first bombing of Berlin.
41. The exhibition presents the Il-4 combat aircraft, serial number 17404, which made an emergency landing in the area of the village. Ant in Anuchinsky district (Primorsky Territory). The restoration of the aircraft was carried out by Aviation Restoration Group LLC. The plane was donated to the museum in August 2004.
42. The MiG-17 front-line multi-role fighter was developed at the beginning of 1949 at the A.I. Design Bureau. Mikoyan and M.I. Gurevich based on the MiG-15 fighter. The aircraft was a single-seat mid-wing aircraft of all-metal construction with a pressurized cabin and an ejection seat. A total of 7,999 aircraft of this type were produced in five modifications, plus 2,825 in other countries under license. The MiG-17 was in service with the USSR Air Force and many countries around the world. On February 6, 1950, test pilot I.G. Ivashchenko was the first in the world to exceed the speed of sound in horizontal flight on a MiG-17 - 1188 km/h.
43. Continue inspection next time :)
Thank you for your attention, there will definitely be a continuation.
The open area of the Central Museum of the Great Patriotic War displays military equipment of the armies of the USSR, Germany, USA, England, Japan - tanks and artillery, airplanes and cars. The exhibition displays more than 300 samples of military equipment and weapons from the Second World War.
The exhibition opens with captured German and Finnish equipment, then combat vehicles, artillery and aviation of the Red Army, allied weapons are presented by branch of the military, and in the water area there is an exhibition of the Navy.
Armored structure (Finland)
In 1916, Germany used small fire installations for the first time. In the 1920-1930s, many European countries began to use pillboxes made of reinforced concrete and armor as an element of defensive lines.
Tank Pz.Kpfw.IV Ausf.F (Germany)
75 mm self-propelled gun StuG III (Germany)
In 1935, Erich von Manstein proposed the idea of creating “assault artillery” vehicles, main task which should be supported by attacking infantry units. The priorities were firepower, small dimensions, good frontal armor and low production costs. The first prototypes were manufactured by Daimler-Benz on the PzKpfw III Ausf.B chassis with a short-barreled gun. After a clash in Russia with T-34 tanks, it was decided to convert the StuG III with a long-barreled gun suitable for destroying the armor of Soviet tanks.
Citroen artillery tractor (France, used by Germany). 1937-1939
Tank Pz.KpfwIII Ausf.L (Germany)
Panzerkampfwagen III is a German medium tank, mass-produced from 1938 to 1943. By June 1941, it was the main fighting vehicle of the Wehrmacht; about 1,000 of these tanks took part in the invasion of the USSR. In 1939, Soviet military engineers had the opportunity to study the Panzer III and at that time recognized it as the best foreign tank. Studying a captured tank helped identify its weak and strengths.
The armored vehicles of the Wehrmacht that invaded Soviet soil were opposed by the artillery and tanks of the Workers' and Peasants' Red Army.
76 mm gun. 1927
76 mm F-20 cannon. 1933
Flamethrower tank T-46-1
T-26 tank with two turrets. 1931-1933
In the winter of 1930/1931 in the area Poklonnaya Gora Tests of Vickers Mk.E light infantry tanks purchased in Great Britain took place. Based on their designs, the T-26 tank was created in two modifications - first with two machine guns in two turrets, then with one turret (45 mm cannon and machine gun). T-26s took part in the battles of the Spanish Civil War, near Lake Khasan and on the Khalkhin Gol River, in the Polish campaign and the Soviet-Finnish War, but by the beginning of the Great Patriotic War they were outdated. Weak armor protection made this combat vehicle vulnerable to enemy shells.
Tank T-26. 1933-1938
Tank BT-7
The Soviet wheeled and tracked tank BT-7 ("High-speed tank") was produced from 1935 to 1940. In the pre-war period, the BT-7 performed well at Khalkhin Gol and had no equal in maneuverability. But by 1941, it was inferior in armor protection to Wehrmacht tanks.
Turret of the BA-20 armored car. 1936
The basic model BA-20 was produced from 1936 to 1938. In the 9 mm thick armored turret there was a machine gunner armed with 7.62 mm diesel fuel.
The GAZ-AA lorry truck was originally a licensed copy of the American Ford model AA truck of the 1930 model, but was subsequently modernized several times. By the beginning of the Great Patriotic War, there were 151,100 such vehicles in the ranks of the Red Army.
Dugout
Steam locomotive Eu-2
The locomotive was developed in 1909 and was produced from 1912 to 1957. During the years of industrialization, E-series steam locomotives were the main type of freight locomotive fleet, performing a large volume of cargo transportation on almost all railways ah USSR. In total, about 11,000 E. steam locomotives were built.
Armored platform
The first armored trains appeared in the 19th century in Europe and the USA along with the development of the railway network, and in Russia armored trains began to be built in 1915 by order of Emperor Nicholas II. Dozens of armored trains took part in the Civil War, but did not play a decisive role in the Great Patriotic War. They turned out to be too vulnerable a target for artillery and air strikes. To paralyze an armored train, it was enough to destroy the railway track in front and behind. An armored platform means a reinforced railway platform, protected by armor and armed with artillery and machine guns. Since 1942, tank turrets began to be installed on them. To repel air attacks, there were anti-aircraft armored platforms. The armored train included several such armored cars, a steam locomotive and control platforms in front of the train to detect mining of the tracks.
Tank T-34
Near Moscow, Guderian's tanks clashed with a new Soviet weapon, the T-34 tank. The order to put the T-34 into serial production was signed by the Defense Committee on March 31, 1940, but their production was delayed due to a shortage of components. But already in 1941, almost 3,000 vehicles rolled off the factory assembly lines, and their sudden appearance helped stop the German offensive. The T-34 was superior to German vehicles in both armament and armor. The Thirty-four with a 76-mm cannon became the main tank of the Red Army until 1944.
Tank KV-1S
The Klim Voroshilov, high-speed tank was developed in 1942 as a modernization of the basic KV-1. The speed was increased by reducing the weight of the tank. The streamlined turret was an armor casting of complex geometric shape with an armor thickness of 75 mm on the sides. The thickness of the armor of the gun mantlet and turret forehead reached 82 mm. The tank is armed with a 76 mm cannon and three machine guns.
BM-13N Katyusha rocket launcher on a Studebaker chassis
In March 1941, field tests of the installations, designated BM-13 (combat vehicle with 132 mm caliber shells), were successfully carried out. The rocket launcher on the chassis of the ZIS-6 truck entered service the day before the start of the war, and on August 3, the battery of Senior Lieutenant P. Degtyarev fired the first salvo at the enemy.
Bf-109 fighter (Germany) 1941
The Messerschmitt Bf.109 was the main fighter of the Luftwaffe throughout the Second World War; when creating it, the designers used all the technical innovations of its time. The aircraft's baptism of fire took place in Spain in 1936, and was later used in all theaters of war - from air raids on Britain to North Africa.
Fighter DI-6. 1936
Sturmovik IL-2. 1941
The attack aircraft was created at OKB-240 under the leadership of aircraft designer Sergei Ilyushin; its serial production began in February 1941. The designers called their plane a “flying tank,” and the Germans called it a “meat grinder.” This is the most massive combat aircraft in history, manufactured in quantities of more than 36 thousand units.
Yak-3 fighter
The Yak-3 fighter, developed at the Yakovlev Design Bureau, underwent a baptism of fire in June 1943 during the Battle of Kursk Bulge. When creating it, the designers improved the survivability, combat characteristics and firepower of the previous Yak-1M model.
The anti-aircraft searchlight station on the ZIS-12 chassis was intended to detect and illuminate enemy aircraft at night with the aim of destroying them with fighter aircraft and anti-aircraft artillery fire.
The 37-mm anti-aircraft gun of the 1939 model became the first Soviet automatic anti-aircraft gun put into large-scale production. In addition to fighting attack aircraft, fighter-bombers and dive bombers were also used as anti-tank weapons in 1941.
Gasoline tanker BZ-43
Passenger car "Opel Olympia" (Germany) 1938
Passenger car GAZ-M 1
The GAZ M-1 passenger car was created in 1936 based on Ford technical documentation. The designers made many changes to adapt the machine to local operating conditions. By the beginning of the war, over 10,000 vehicles were assigned to the headquarters and logistics institutions of the Red Army, and in the first years of the Great Patriotic War, the Emka became the main staff vehicle until it was replaced by Lend-Lease and domestic SUVs.
Off-road vehicle GAZ-67B
Serial production of all-wheel drive GAZ-67 passenger cars was launched in 1943; the car was widely used at the front along with the Lend-Lease Willys MB and Ford GPW.
GAZ-A ambulance. The car was produced in a small batch in 1933. The sanitary room is separated from the driver's cabin by a blank partition. Inside the van, six people and a stretcher could fit on benches for the wounded and medics. Everyone got in through the rear hinged doors.
GTM grader
Mine spreader. 1942
Fragmentation mine. 1941
Self-propelled gun Marder 38M (Germany) 1943
Light armor could protect the crew of the Marder-38M only from bullets and shrapnel, but this self-propelled gun had high mobility. Self-propelled guns moved into a firing position, fired at the enemy and then quickly changed position.
Pak-38 gun (Germany) 1940
76-mm anti-tank gun ZIS-3. 1942
The ZIS-3 divisional gun of the 1942 model became the main anti-tank weapon of the Great Patriotic War. Designer Vasily Grabin began its development in May 1941, and in the fall prototypes were sent to the front.
57-mm anti-tank gun ZIS-2. 1943
To combat armored giants, the ZIS-2 anti-tank gun, which entered service with the troops in the summer of 1941 and was ahead of its time, was widely used. At the time of its creation, the Wehrmacht did not have heavy tanks and the production of the ZIS-2 was curtailed in favor of lighter and more economical “forty-fives”. The urgent need for the ZIS-2 appeared later.
122 mm howitzer D-1. 1943
160-mm mortar MT-13. 1943
203 mm howitzer B-4M. 1931
The development of a high-power Soviet howitzer began in the 1920s; the B-4M was adopted by the Red Army in 1933. During the war with Finland, these howitzers were successfully used to destroy Finnish bunkers; during the Great Patriotic War, B-4M batteries were transferred to the reserve of the Supreme High Command and used since 1942 in offensive operations.
Railway artillery transporter TM-1-180. 1935
The idea to install heavy guns on a railway platform arose in 1927. Tests at the test site were successful, the platform was fixed with retractable supports and the 180-mm gun could fire in a circular manner. By the beginning of the war, 20 artillery mounts had been manufactured. It was assumed that they would be effective in the fight against the enemy fleet, so they were based near Leningrad and on the Black Sea.
Artillery mount TM-3-12
Morskoy Transporter, Type 3, 12-inch caliber, 305mm Model 1938 railway artillery gun - a super-heavy railway artillery system with guns from the sunken battleship Empress Maria. Three such systems were produced, united into the 9th separate railway artillery division. The guns took part in Soviet-Finnish war, after which they were relocated to the Hanko naval base. With the beginning of the Great Patriotic War, they took part in the defense of the base, where the bases were blown up before the evacuation. The Finns were able to restore them, and after the war they returned them to Soviet Union. TM-3-12 carried out combat duty in Baltiysk until 1961, and then took places in museums.
Small tank T-60. 1941-1942
Tank T-70B. 1942-1943
Self-propelled gun SU-100. 1944
The SU-100, armed with a 100-mm cannon, was used for the first time in January 1945 during the liberation of Budapest. During the Balaton operation, self-propelled guns successfully repelled a counterattack by the German tank army.
SAU ISU-152
The ISU-152 self-propelled artillery mount, created in 1943, was armed with a 152-mm ML-20S howitzer gun. For its destructive firepower, our soldiers nicknamed the self-propelled gun “St. John’s Wort,” and the Germans called it “Can Opener.”
Heavy tank IS-2
Heavy tanks "Joseph Stalin", armed with a 122-mm D-25T cannon and protected by 120-mm frontal armor, became the most powerful Soviet production tank of the Great Patriotic War. The IS-2 was successfully used during the assault on fortified areas and the capture of cities such as Budapest, Breslau, and Berlin.
Heavy tank IS-3
The IS-3 was designed during the war, but did not take part in hostilities. The first cars rolled off the factory assembly line in May 1945.
sea mine
Back in the 16th century, the Chinese used similar sea mines against Japanese pirates. In the 19th century, Boris Jacobi created a galvanic impact mine, which was successfully used in Crimean War. Such mines are triggered when a ship hits a cap protruding from the mine body, which contains a glass ampoule with the electrolyte of a galvanic cell. The Soviet Navy was armed with KB mines (Korabelnaya Bolshaya), developed by 1931. The mine was anchored to a predetermined depth; on its body there were five galvanic shock horns, upon contact with which a 230-kilogram charge exploded. Before the mine was brought into combat condition, the horns were protected by cast iron caps.