Analysis of the work “The Little Prince” (Antoine de Saint-Exupery). Research work on literature “The Little Prince” by Antoine de Saint-Exupery as a philosophical fairy tale" My attitude to the story the little prince

“The Little Prince” is childish, but at the same time a thoughtful work. Antoine de Saint-Exupéry placed a reflection of the real adult world with its advantages and disadvantages in a light and short fairy tale. In places it is satire, myth, fantasy and tragic story. Therefore, the multifaceted book appeals to both small and large readers.

"The Little Prince" was born during the Great Patriotic War. It all started with Exupery’s drawings, in which he depicted that very “little prince”.

Exupery, being a military pilot, once got into a plane crash, this happened in 1935 in the Libyan desert. Opening old wounds, memories of the disaster and news of the outbreak of the World War inspired the writer to create the work. He thought about the fact that each of us is responsible for the place where he lives, be it a small apartment or the whole planet. And the struggle calls this responsibility into question, because it was during that fierce battle between many countries that deadly nuclear weapons were used for the first time. Alas, many people did not care about their home, since they allowed wars to bring humanity to such extreme measures.

The work was created in 1942 in the USA, a year later it became available to the reader. The Little Prince became the author's final creation and brought him worldwide fame. The author dedicated his book to his friend (Leon Werth), moreover, to the boy his friend once was. It is worth noting that Leon, who was a writer and critic, being a Jew, suffered from persecution during the development of Nazism. He also had to leave his planet, but not of his own free will.

Genre, direction

Exupery talked about the meaning of life, and in this he was helped by the genre of parable, which is characterized by a clearly expressed morality in the finale and an edifying tone of the narrative. A fairy tale as a parable is the most common crossing of genres. A distinctive feature of the fairy tale is that it has a fantastic and simple plot, but at the same time it is instructive in nature, helps young readers develop moral qualities, and adults think about their views and behavior. A fairy tale is a reflection of real life, but reality is presented to the reader through fiction, no matter how paradoxical it may sound. The genre originality of the work suggests that “The Little Prince” is a philosophical fairy tale-parable.

The work can also be classified as a fantasy story.

Meaning of the name

The Little Prince is a story about a traveler who travels throughout the universe. He does not just travel, but is in search of the meaning of life, the essence of love and the secret of friendship. He learns not only the world around him, but also himself, and self-knowledge is his main goal. It is still growing, developing and symbolizing an immaculate and tender childhood. Therefore, the author called it “small”.

Why a prince? He is alone on his planet, it all belongs to him. He takes his role as a master very responsibly and, despite his modest age, has already learned to care for her. Such behavior suggests that this is a noble boy managing his domain, but what should we call him? A prince, because he is endowed with power and wisdom.

The essence

The plot begins in the Sahara Desert. The pilot of the plane, having made an emergency landing, meets the same Little Prince who arrived on Earth from another planet. The boy told his new acquaintance about his journey, about the planets he had visited, about his former life, about the rose that was his faithful friend. The little prince loved his rose so much that he was ready to give his life for it. The boy loved his home, he liked to watch sunsets, it’s good that on his planet they could be seen several times a day, and for this the Little Prince only had to move his chair.

One day, the boy felt unhappy and decided to go in search of adventure. Rose was proud and rarely gave her patron her warmth, so she did not withhold him. During his journey, the Little Prince met: a Ruler who is confident in his absolute power over the stars, an Ambitious man for whom the main thing is to be admired, a Drunkard who drinks out of guilt for alcohol abuse, no matter how paradoxical it may sound. The boy even met a Business Man, whose main occupation is counting stars. The little prince encountered the Lamplighter, who lit and extinguished the lantern on his planet every minute. He also met the Geographer, who in his entire life had never seen anything except his planet. The traveler's last place was planet Earth, where he found a true friend. All the main events are described by us in a summary of the book for the reader's diary.

The main characters and their characteristics

    Loving does not mean looking at each other, it means looking in the same direction.

    A person should take care of his home, and not tear it apart by wars into bloody, lifeless parts. This idea was especially relevant then, during the Second World War. The little prince cleaned his planet every day, preventing the baobabs from growing to alarming proportions. If the world had been able to unite in time and sweep away the National Socialist movement led by Hitler, then the bloodshed could have been prevented. For those who love the world should have taken care of it, and not locked themselves on their little planets, thinking that the storm will pass by. Because of this disunity and irresponsibility of governments and peoples, millions of people have suffered, and the writer calls to finally learn to faithfully and responsibly love the harmony that only friendship provides.

    What does it teach?

    The story of the Little Prince is surprisingly heartfelt and instructive. Exupery's creation tells the story of how important it is to have a faithful friend nearby and how important it is to bear responsibility for those whom you have “tamed.” The fairy tale teaches love, friendship, and warns against loneliness. In addition, you should not lock yourself in your small territory, fencing yourself off from the whole world around you. You need to get out of your comfort zone, learn new things, look for yourself.

    Exupery also encourages the reader to listen not only to his mind when making decisions, but also to his heart, because you cannot see the main thing with your eyes.

    Interesting? Save it on your wall!

1) The history of the creation of the work. "The Little Prince" is the most famous work of Antoine de Saint-Exupéry. Published in 1943 as a children's book. The history of the publication of A. Saint-Exupéry’s fairy tale is interesting:

Written! in 1942 in New York.

First French edition: "Editions Gallimard", 1946

In Russian translation: Nora Gal, 1958. The drawings in the book were made by the author himself and are no less famous than the book itself. It is important that these are not illustrations, but an organic part of the work as a whole: the author himself and the characters of the fairy tale constantly refer to the drawings and even argue about them. “After all, all adults were children at first, only few of them remember this” - Antoine de Saint-Exupéry, from the dedication to the book. During the meeting with the author, the Little Prince is already familiar with the drawing “Elephant in a Boa Constrictor”.

The story of “The Little Prince” itself arose from one of the plots of “Planet of People”. This is the story of the accidental landing of the writer himself and his mechanic Prevost in the desert.

2) Features of the genre of the work. The need for deep generalizations prompted Saint-Exupery to turn to the genre of parables. The lack of specific historical content, the conventions characteristic of this genre, its didactic conditionality allowed the writer to express his views on the moral problems of the time that worried him. The parable genre becomes the vehicle for Saint-Exupery's reflections on the essence of human existence. A fairy tale, like a parable, is the oldest genre of oral folk art. It teaches a person to live, instills optimism in him, and affirms faith in the triumph of goodness and justice. Real human relationships are always hidden behind the fantastic nature of fairy-tale plots and fiction. Like a parable, moral and social truth always triumphs in a fairy tale. The fairy tale-parable “The Little Prince” was written not only for children, but also for adults who have not yet completely lost their childish impressionability, their childishly open view of the world and the ability to fantasize. The author himself had such a childishly sharp vision. We determine that “The Little Prince” is a fairy tale by the fairy-tale features present in the story: the hero’s fantastic journey, fairy-tale characters (Fox, Snake, Rose). The work of A. Saint-Exupery “The Little Prince” belongs to the genre of a philosophical fairy tale-parable.

3) Theme and problems of the fairy tale. Saving humanity from the coming inevitable catastrophe is one of the main themes of the fairy tale “The Little Prince”. This poetic tale is about the courage and wisdom of an artless child’s soul, about such important “non-childish” concepts as life and death, love and responsibility, friendship and fidelity.

4) The ideological concept of the fairy tale. “Loving does not mean looking at each other, it means looking in the same direction”

This idea determines the ideological concept of the fairy tale. “The Little Prince” was written in 1943, and the tragedy of Europe in World War II and the writer’s memories of defeated, occupied France leave their mark on the work. With his bright, sad and wise tale, Exupery defended undying humanity, a living spark in the souls of people. In a certain sense, the story was the result of the writer’s creative path, his philosophical and artistic comprehension. Only an artist is able to see the essence - the inner beauty and harmony of the world around him. Even on the lamplighter’s planet, the Little Prince remarks: “When he lights a lantern, it’s as if one more star or flower is being born. And when he turns off the lantern, it’s as if a star or a flower is falling asleep. Great activity. It’s really useful because it’s beautiful.” The main character speaks to the inner side of beauty, and not to its outer shell. Human labor must have meaning, and not simply turn into mechanical actions. Any business is useful only when it is internally beautiful.

5) Features of the plot of the fairy tale. Saint-Exupery took as its basis the traditional fairy-tale plot (Prince Charming, because of unhappy love, leaves his father's house and wanders along endless roads in search of happiness and adventure. He tries to gain fame and thereby conquer the unapproachable heart of the princess.), but reinterprets it in a different way. to his own, even ironically. His handsome prince is just a child, suffering from a capricious and eccentric flower. Naturally, there is no talk of a happy ending with a wedding. In his wanderings, the Little Prince meets not with fairy-tale monsters, but with people bewitched, as if by an evil spell, by selfish and petty passions. But this is only the external side of the plot. Despite the fact that the Little Prince is a child, a true vision of the world is revealed to him, inaccessible even to an adult. And the people with dead souls whom the main character meets on his way are much more terrible than fairy-tale monsters. The relationship between the prince and Rose is much more complex than the relationship between princes and princesses from folk tales. After all, it is for the sake of Rose that the Little Prince sacrifices his material shell - he chooses physical death. The story has two storylines: the narrator and the related theme of the world of adults and the line of the Little Prince, the story of his life.

6) Features of the composition of the tale. The composition of the work is very unique. The parabola is a basic component of the structure of a traditional parable. "The Little Prince" is no exception. It looks like this: the action takes place in a specific time and specific situation. The plot develops as follows: there is a movement along a curve, which, having reached the highest point of intensity, returns again to the starting point. The peculiarity of such plot construction is that, returning to the starting point, the plot takes on a new philosophical and ethical meaning. A new point of view on the problem finds a solution. The beginning and end of the story “The Little Prince” relate to the hero’s arrival on Earth or the departure of the Earth, the pilot and the Fox. The little prince again flies to his planet to care for and raise the beautiful Rose. The time that the pilot and the prince - an adult and a child - spent together, they discovered a lot of new things about each other and in life. Having parted, they took pieces of each other with them, they became wiser, learned the other’s world and their own, only from the other side.

7) Artistic features of the work. The story has very rich language. The author uses a lot of amazing and inimitable literary techniques. In its text you can hear the melody: “...And at night I like to listen to the stars. Like five hundred million bells...” Its simplicity is childlike truth and accuracy. Exupery’s language is full of memories and reflections about life, about the world and, of course, about childhood: “...When I was six years old... I once saw an amazing picture...” or: “...For six years now, how my friend left me with the lamb.” The style and special, unique mystical manner of Saint-Exupery is a transition from image to generalization, from parable to morality. The language of his work is natural and expressive: “laughter is like a spring in the desert”, “five hundred million bells” It would seem that ordinary, familiar concepts suddenly acquire a new original meaning in him: “water”, “fire”, “friendship”, etc. d. Many of his metaphors are equally fresh and natural: “they (volcanoes) sleep deep underground until one of them decides to wake up”; the writer uses paradoxical combinations of words that you won’t find in ordinary speech: “children should be very lenient towards adults”, “if you go straight and straight, you won’t get far...” or “people no longer have enough time to learn anything " The narrative style of the story also has a number of features. This is a confidential conversation between old friends - this is how the author communicates with the reader. We feel the presence of an author who believes in goodness and reason, soon when life on earth will change. We can talk about a peculiar melody of the narrative, sad and thoughtful, built on soft transitions from humor to serious thoughts, on halftones, transparent and light, like watercolor illustrations of a fairy tale, created by the writer himself and being an integral part of the artistic fabric of the work. The phenomenon of the fairy tale “The Little Prince” is that, written for adults, it has firmly entered the circle of children’s reading.

The image of Zoza is one of the main ones in the fairy tale. Of course, it symbolizes a woman and love for a woman. Using the relationship between Rose and the Little Prince, the author shows the problems that stand in the way of true love. The rose in the fairy tale was very capricious and asked the prince to take care of her. And at first the Little Prince took care of her, and then doubts settled in his soul. He took her words to heart and became very unhappy. But after all his travels, he began to understand the truth. In the lines: “If you love a flower - the only one that is no longer on any of the many millions of stars - that’s enough: you look at the sky - and you’re happy.” The author talks about the kind of love when you don’t ask for anything in return, when you’re just happy that your flower is there somewhere. The little prince understands that he was in vain to listen to the rose; he should have just looked and enjoyed its scent. After all, the rose filled his entire planet with fragrance, but he did not know how to enjoy it. He understands that one must judge by actions, not by words. She illuminated his life, and he ran away. The little prince did not guess, behind all the rose’s tricks, her tenderness for him; he was too young, he did not yet know how to love.

Many critics agree that the image of a rose represents the writer’s wife, Consuela de Saint-Exupéry. But even if this is not so, Saint-Exupery speaks about the most important thing, about how to love. Now people have become too selfish, they have forgotten that in love it is more important to give rather than receive.

Fox image

Finding himself on Earth, in a deserted desert, the Little Prince meets the kind and wise Fox. Which symbolizes friendship. In him, the prince finds the friend he was looking for. As in many fairy tales, the Fox personifies wisdom and knowledge of life and tells the Little Prince the secret of the human heart. The author conveyed to the heroes of this tale his understanding of friendship and responsibility for each other. The relationship between the prince and the fox is a story about true friendship. The Fox teaches the Little Prince how to love and treat friendship; people have forgotten about this and therefore lost their friends, lost the ability to love. Saint-Exupery regrets that people do not see anything and turn their lives into a meaningless existence. “Only the heart is vigilant. You can’t see the most important thing with your eyes... Your Rose is so dear to you because you gave her your whole soul...”

The concept of "tame"

To tame means to create bonds of love, unity of souls. The secret of taming is revealed to the Little Prince by the Fox, he explains that the prince is just a boy for him, like many other boys, and the fox for the prince is just another fox among thousands of other foxes. “But if you tame me, we will need each other. You will be the only one for me in the whole world. And I will be alone for you in the whole world. (...) if you tame me, my life will be illuminated as if by the sun. I will begin to distinguish your steps among thousands of others...” The author says that love and friendship are not just connections with other beings, they enrich our lives, give us an understanding of the world around us, filling it with meaning. “You are forever responsible for everyone you have tamed” - this is the important truth that the Fox reveals. To tame means: to create bonds. Bonds of love, trust, friendship and responsibility. And now you are no longer just two, you become the only ones for each other in the whole world, you become necessary to each other. “You can only learn those things that you tame,” said the Fox. “People no longer have enough time to find out anything.” Taming is the work of the heart; it means tying oneself to another with ties of tenderness, love, and responsibility. This means killing the indifferent attitude towards this world. Saint-Exupery reminded us that friendship cannot be bought in a store, for it you need to open your heart and soul.

Lesson topic: “Ten Lessons from the Little Prince”

The lesson is focused on the comprehensive development of personality; dialogicity, reflection.

Training technology: personality-oriented, developmental training, use of modern information technologies (program - presentation).

Formation of speech competencies

Socialization of students: the formation of the individual’s internal need for continuous spiritual and moral improvement, allowing one to realize and realize one’s personal capabilities.

Used in the lesson modern computer technologies in order to attract attention to the story “The Little Prince”.

Goals and objectives:

reveal the most important problems of the story;

develop the ability to evaluate the actions of the characters in the story;

contribute to improving the skill of expressive reading of excerpts from the story;

develop in students an attentive and careful attitude to the word, interest in literature;

Lesson progress

I. Org moment.

II. The main content of the lesson.

Epigraph of the lesson (on the board):

… And you will see: everything will become different...

Antoine de Saint-Exupéry

Teacher: Draw me a lamb!(hand out sheets and markers)

Draw me a lamb
With a slight wave of the hand,
In light gray curls
Let the rays play.
Let him not live in a box -
On a green meadow,
And so that the edge of the house!
I'll love him.

I'll be with our lamb
I will meet the sunrises
And honey porridge
Help collect.
I will sing to him quietly,
If he suddenly falls asleep,
Darling, what is it worth to you?
Draw it, let it live!!!

- The Little Prince remained some kind of mysterious, enigmatic boy for Antoine de Saint-Exupéry himself. I, too, deal with the same mysterious, mysterious creatures. It seems to me that each of you is the Little Prince, you all came to my planet Earth from your tiny planets. They appeared to see with their hearts. And I, your teacher today, am obliged to help you in this matter. You all have your own concerns, each of you is responsible for someone, for something. You will realize this deeply, just as the Little Prince realized and felt his duty to his only rose. Later you will go to fulfill your dreams, serve your duty with honor. And I want you to need the clean water of deep wells and the bells of stars in the night sky on this journey. Hello! Pay attention to the epigraph to the lesson - these are the words of Exupery. If you learn the lessons of the Little Prince, then « ... And you will see: everything will become different...”

1. Analysis of the work.

- Working with a notebook page 2

- Choose epithets to describe the Little Prince. What is he like?

wise (not childish)

Kind

responsive sincere

- Tell us about the Little Prince

- What is the Little Prince doing?

- Baobabs - what do they represent? (evil)

First lesson: “I got up in the morning, put myself and my planet in order”

(Every day the Little Prince cleaned the volcano and pulled out baobab sprouts)

- Write your conclusion in your notebook

- Who else lives on the planet of the Little Prince?

- Working with a notebook page 3

flirty

proud

capricious beautiful

- How is Rose behaving?

- Why does the Little Prince go traveling?

(quarreled)

(The little prince does not yet know how to love. He is offended by the flower, not realizing that all his whims are only to attract attention. The rose loves, but the little prince does not know what love is. When we are not able to respond to love , we are running away from her.)

- Who helped the Little Prince change his attitude towards Rose? Quote from the text chapter VIII

(The fox helps the Little Prince comprehend this complex science, and the little boy bitterly admits to himself: “You should never listen to what flowers say. You just need to look at them and breathe their scent. My flower filled my whole planet with fragrance, but I couldn’t he should rejoice... I should have judged not by words, but by deeds. She gave me her scent, illuminated my life. I should not have run after these pitiful tricks and tricks. I should have guessed tenderness... But I was too much. I’m young, I didn’t know how to love yet”)

Second lesson: “We must judge not by words, but by deeds”

(I should have judged not by words, but by deeds. She gave me her scent, illuminated my life. I should not have run. Behind these pathetic tricks and tricks, I should have guessed tenderness.)

- Write your conclusion in your notebook

2. Journey of the Little Prince (use of presentation)

The artistic device that organizes the entire plot of a fairy tale into a single whole is the device of travel.

What are the possibilities of this technique? What does it give to understand the main idea of ​​the work?

( Firstly, it helps the author show the different characters of people. Secondly, regardless of his will, changes occur in the traveler himself, who sets off on a journey in order to understand the world and find friends)

The little prince travels to several planets, where he meets different adults. Each planet is inhabited by one person. He looks at them in surprise and cannot understand them. “These are strange people, adults!” - he says.

3. Work in groups.

6 groups according to the number of planets visited by the Little Prince

I gr. - planet of the king

II gr. - planet of the ambitious

III gr. - planet business man

IV gr. - planet of the lamplighter

V gr. - geographer's planet

Questions to consider

1.What does an inhabitant of the planet do?

2. The attitude of the Little Prince to the inhabitant of the planet.

3. Select epithets for characterization.

4. Select a quote from the text.

5. Formulate a lesson lesson

4. Group presentations, discussion

- Performance of the 1st group - the king's planet

- Tell us about the king.

(In each visitor he sees a subject and cannot live a minute without issuing orders or decrees. This king imagines the world in a simplified way, because he looks down on it. Unlimited power and unquestioning obedience are the limit of his dreams)

- Choose epithets to describe the King. What is he like?

- Working with a notebook p.4

power-hungry selfish

majestic

- What position does the King offer the Little Prince?

- Who should be judged if only the king lives on the planet?

- What is difficult to do towards yourself?

“Then judge yourself,” said the king. - This is the most difficult thing. It is much more difficult to judge yourself than others. If you can judge yourself correctly, then you are truly wise.”

Third lesson: “...judge yourself”

- Write your conclusion in your notebook

- Performance of the 2nd group - the planet of the ambitious

- What is ambition?(Thirst for fame, desire for an honorable position, fame)

- Talk about an ambitious person.

(Indifference to others, extreme egoism in the inhabitant of the planet results in self-admiration and narcissism. The vanity of an empty person knows no bounds, and therefore, in his blindness, he is ready to take everyone passing for an admirer, and this seems simply stupid and funny to the child)

- Choose epithets.

Working with a notebook p.5

Indifferent

narcissistic

- Find the lines that the Little Prince says about vain people.

(Quote from the text......“Vainous people are deaf to everything except praise” )

- Is this a positive quality or a negative one? (Both positive and negative, everything is good within reasonable limits)

- What lesson did the Little Prince learn from visiting the ambitious planet?

Fourth lesson: Ambition is good within reasonable limits.

- Write your conclusion in your notebook

- Performance of the 3rd group - planet of the drunkard

- What impression does the drunkard make on the Little Prince?

(The inhabitant of the third planet plunged the Little Prince into despondency. He feels sorry for the bitter drunkard who cannot find the strength to break out of the vicious circle of painful addiction)

- Choose epithets to describe a drunkard. What is he like?

- Working with a notebook p.6


Pathetic weak

- What should a person do in such a situation? How to change your life?

Fifth lesson: find the strength to change yourself.

- Write your conclusion in your notebook

- Performance of the IV group - the planet of the “business man”

- What is a “business man” like?

(He is busy mindlessly counting the stars. He is trying to turn the vast beauty of the universe into property, hiding it in his personal safe)

- Working with a notebook p.7


Inhuman, meaningless existence

- What lesson did the Little Prince learn?

Lesson six: if a person is busy only with business, his life is lived in vain.

"He in his entire life he has never smelled a flower, never looked at a star, never loved anyone, he is not a man, he is a mushroom.”

- Write your conclusion in your notebook

- Performance of the V group - the planet of the lamplighter

- How does the lamplighter make the Little Prince feel?

(He is delighted because “it is truly useful, because it is beautiful,” he dreams of making friends with the lamplighter, he thinks not only about himself, he is true to his word, working tirelessly for people)

- Working with a notebook p.8

responsible, true to his word

- Is the lamplighter a happy man, according to the Little Prince?

Seventh lesson: To be a beacon for people all your life - this is a person’s happiness

- Write your conclusion in your notebook

- Was it the lamplighter that poetess Veronika Tushnova was thinking about when she wrote:

My sea is deserted

the sea is calm and calm...

Maybe it's a shame -

so hopeless to wait?

Vain fire shines,

visible from afar...

I can't get away

from a forgotten lighthouse.

I can't get away

not for a single hour

what if something happens to you...

And the fire went out!

- Performance of the 6th group - the geographer's planet

- What mark did the meeting with the geographer leave on the Little Prince’s soul?

(At first, he also seems real to the baby, but very soon the prince becomes disappointed in him, because he “never leaves his office” and knows about everything only by hearsay. He is not even interested in his own planet, since he considers himself too important a person and there is no time to walk around. But it is the geographer who makes the Little Prince remember his short-lived Rose, think and feel sorry for her)

- Working with a notebook p.9

"too important"

not real

- Is this a real scientist?

Lesson Eight: You can’t explore the world without leaving your office

- Write your conclusion in your notebook

5. Frontal work - the seventh planet - Earth

- The little prince experienced despair and confusion on Earth. Why?

(He saw a garden with roses)

- Pay attention to the hero's train of thought. Read the excerpt from Chapter XX from the words “And then he thought...” to the end.

“And then he thought: “I imagined that I owned the only flower in the world that no one else had anywhere, and it was the most ordinary rose. All I had was a simple rose and three volcanoes as tall as I am.” knee, and then one of them went out, and, perhaps, forever... What kind of prince am I after this?..”

He lay down in the grass and cried."

- What causes the baby's sad tears?(He's disappointed in himself)

- When did Fox appear?(At the most difficult moment for the baby.The appearance of the Fox teaches the true understanding of love and friendship; he introduces the hero to the bottomlessness of the human heart. His statements are great wisdom: to have friends, you need to give them your soul, give them the most precious thing - your time. “Your Rose is so dear to you because you gave her all your days.” Not only did Rose need the Little Prince, but the Little Prince also needed Rose. The rose is the only flower in the world because he “tamed” it. A person needs only one flower, the one that will fill the soul with light and fill the heart with it. That’s why he returns to his Rose.)

- Working with a notebook p.10

- The little prince thinks for the first time about how he lived before. What does he understand now?

Ninth lesson: “T You are always responsible for everyone you have tamed.”

- Write your conclusion in your notebook

- Working with a notebook page 12

- Let's talk about the stars. What are they to the Little Prince? Why do the stars shine?

(So ​​that sooner or later everyone can find their star)

- Reading an excerpt from chapter XXVI

“Every person has his own stars. For those who wander, they show the way. For others, they are just little lights. For scientists, they are like a problem that needs to be solved. For my businessman they are gold. But for all these people the stars are mute. And you will have very special stars...
- You will look at the sky at night, and there will be such a star there, where I live, where I laugh, - and you will hear that all the stars are laughing. You will have stars who know how to laugh!

And he laughed himself."Whatdo the stars symbolize? (a desire for something, a dream about something)

Tenth lesson: “...Every person has his own stars”

6 . All lessons of The Little Prince - conclusion, grading

7. Reflection - filling out a notebook

- Read the questions(on the slide are questions from the workbook)

- You will have to answer these questions at home. And in a few years, it seems to me, you will return to this work. And then you will see how your life has changed.

8. Lesson summary. (music "The Little Prince" sounds)


Workbook
DOC / 5.35 MB
Technological lesson map
DOCX / 30.94 KB
Music for the lesson
MP3 / 5.85 MB
phonogram of children's laughter
MP3 / 873.03 Kb

The little prince is gone, but he always returns to those who wholeheartedly accepted his lessons. Then for them the stars bloom in the night sky, and among them is the one where the Little Prince lives, where his laughter sounds.

(phonogram of children's laughter)

At the age of six, the boy read about how a boa constrictor swallows its prey and drew a picture of a snake swallowing an elephant. It was a drawing of a boa constrictor on the outside, but the adults claimed it was a hat. Adults always need to explain everything, so the boy made another drawing - a boa constrictor from the inside. Then the adults advised the boy to quit this nonsense - according to them, he should have studied more geography, history, arithmetic and spelling. So the boy abandoned his brilliant career as an artist. He had to choose a different profession: he grew up and became a pilot, but still showed his first drawing to those adults who seemed to him smarter and more understanding than the others - and everyone answered that it was a hat. It was impossible to talk heart to heart with them - about boa constrictors, the jungle and the stars. And the pilot lived alone until he met the Little Prince.

This happened in the Sahara. Something broke in the plane's engine: the pilot had to fix it or die, because there was only enough water left for a week. At dawn, the pilot was awakened by a thin voice - a tiny baby with golden hair, who somehow ended up in the desert, asked him to draw a lamb for him. The amazed pilot did not dare refuse, especially since his new friend was the only one who was able to see the boa constrictor swallowing the elephant in the first drawing. It gradually became clear that the Little Prince had come from a planet called “asteroid B-612” - of course, the number is only necessary for boring adults who adore numbers.

The entire planet was the size of a house, and the Little Prince had to take care of it: every day he cleaned three volcanoes - two active and one extinct, and also weeded out baobab sprouts. The pilot did not immediately understand what danger the baobabs posed, but then he guessed and, in order to warn all the children, he drew a planet where there lived a lazy person who did not weed out three bushes on time. But the Little Prince always put his planet in order. But his life was sad and lonely, so he loved to watch the sunset - especially when he was sad. He did this several times a day, simply moving the chair after the sun. Everything changed when a wonderful flower appeared on his planet: it was a beauty with thorns - proud, touchy and simple-minded. The little prince fell in love with her, but she seemed capricious, cruel and arrogant to him - he was too young then and did not understand how this flower illuminated his life. And so the Little Prince cleaned out his volcanoes for the last time, pulled out the sprouts of the baobabs, and then said goodbye to his flower, who only at the moment of farewell admitted that he loved him.

He went on a journey and visited six neighboring asteroids. The king lived on the first one: he wanted to have subjects so much that he invited the Little Prince to become a minister, and the little one thought that adults were a very strange people. On the second planet lived an ambitious man, on the third a drunkard, on the fourth a business man, and on the fifth a lamplighter. All the adults seemed extremely strange to the Little Prince, and he only liked the Lamplighter: this man remained faithful to the agreement to light the lanterns in the evenings and turn off the lanterns in the mornings, although his planet had shrunk so much that day and night changed every minute. Don't have so little space here. The little prince would have stayed with the Lamplighter, because he really wanted to make friends with someone - besides, on this planet you could admire the sunset one thousand four hundred and forty times a day!

On the sixth planet there lived a geographer. And since he was a geographer, he was supposed to ask travelers about the countries from which they came in order to record their stories in books. The little prince wanted to talk about his flower, but the geographer explained that only mountains and oceans are written down in books, because they are eternal and unchanging, and flowers do not live long. Only then did the Little Prince realize that his beauty would soon disappear, and he left her alone, without protection and help! But the resentment had not yet passed, and the Little Prince moved on, but he only thought about his abandoned flower.

The seventh was Earth - a very difficult planet! Suffice it to say that there are one hundred and eleven kings, seven thousand geographers, nine hundred thousand businessmen, seven and a half million drunkards, three hundred and eleven million ambitious people - a total of about two billion adults. But the Little Prince made friends only with the snake, the Fox and the pilot. The snake promised to help him when he bitterly regretted his planet. And the Fox taught him to be friends. Anyone can tame someone and become their friend, but you always need to be responsible for those you tame. And the Fox also said that only the heart is vigilant - you cannot see the most important thing with your eyes. Then the Little Prince decided to return to his rose, because he was responsible for it. He went into the desert - to the very place where he fell. That’s how they met the pilot. The pilot drew him a lamb in a box and even a muzzle for the lamb, although he previously thought that he could only draw boa constrictors - outside and inside. The little prince was happy, but the pilot became sad - he realized that he, too, had been tamed. Then the Little Prince found a yellow snake, whose bite kills in half a minute: she helped him, as she promised. The snake can return anyone to where he came from - she returns people to the earth, and returned the Little Prince to the stars. The kid told the pilot that it would only look like death in appearance, so there is no need to be sad - let the pilot remember him while looking at the night sky. And when the Little Prince laughs, it will seem to the pilot that all the stars are laughing, like five hundred million bells.

The pilot repaired his plane, and his comrades rejoiced at his return. Six years have passed since then: little by little he calmed down and fell in love with looking at the stars. But he is always overcome with excitement: he forgot to draw a strap for the muzzle, and the lamb could eat the rose. Then it seems to him that all the bells are crying. After all, if the rose is no longer in the world, everything will become different, but no adult will ever understand how important this is.

"The Little Prince" is the most famous work of Antoine de Saint-Exupéry. Published in 1943 as a children's book. The drawings in the book were made by the author himself and are no less famous than the book itself. It is important that these are not illustrations, but an organic part of the work as a whole: the author himself and the characters of the fairy tale constantly refer to the drawings and even argue about them. “After all, all adults were children at first, only few of them remember this” - Antoine de Saint-Exupéry, from the dedication to the book. During the meeting with the author, the Little Prince is already familiar with the drawing “Elephant in a Boa Constrictor.” The story about “The Little Prince” itself arose from one of the plots of “Planet of People”. This is the story of the accidental landing of the writer himself and his mechanic Prevost in the desert.

Features of the genre of the work. The need for deep generalizations prompted Saint-Exupery to turn to the genre of parables. The lack of specific historical content, the conventions characteristic of this genre, its didactic conditionality allowed the writer to express his views on the moral problems of the time that worried him. The parable genre becomes the vehicle for Saint-Exupery's reflections on the essence of human existence. A fairy tale, like a parable, is the oldest genre of oral folk art. It teaches a person to live, instills optimism in him, and affirms faith in the triumph of goodness and justice. Real human relationships are always hidden behind the fantastic nature of fairy-tale plots and fiction. Like a parable, moral and social truth always triumphs in a fairy tale. The fairy tale-parable “The Little Prince” was written not only for children, but also for adults who have not yet completely lost their childish impressionability, their childishly open view of the world and the ability to fantasize. The author himself had such a childishly sharp vision. We determine that “The Little Prince” is a fairy tale by the fairy-tale features present in the story: the hero’s fantastic journey, fairy-tale characters (Fox, Snake, Rose). The work of A. Saint-Exupery “The Little Prince” belongs to the genre of a philosophical fairy tale-parable. Theme and problems of the fairy tale. Saving humanity from the coming inevitable catastrophe is one of the main themes of the fairy tale “The Little Prince”. This poetic tale is about the courage and wisdom of an artless child’s soul, about such important “non-childish” concepts as life and death, love and responsibility, friendship and fidelity. The ideological concept of the fairy tale.“Loving does not mean looking at each other, it means looking in the same direction” - this thought determines the ideological concept of the fairy tale. “The Little Prince” was written in 1943, and the tragedy of Europe in World War II and the writer’s memories of defeated, occupied France leave their mark on the work. With his bright, sad and wise tale, Exupery defended undying humanity, a living spark in the souls of people. In a certain sense, the story was the result of the writer’s creative path, his philosophical and artistic comprehension. Only an artist is able to see the essence - the inner beauty and harmony of the world around him. Even on the lamplighter’s planet, the Little Prince remarks: “When he lights a lantern, it’s as if one more star or flower is being born. And when he turns off the lantern, it’s as if a star or a flower is falling asleep. Great activity. It’s really useful because it’s beautiful.” The main character speaks to the inner side of beauty, and not to its outer shell. Human labor must have meaning, and not simply turn into mechanical actions. Any business is useful only when it is internally beautiful. Features of the tale's plot. Saint-Exupery took as its basis the traditional fairy-tale plot (Prince Charming, because of unhappy love, leaves his father's house and wanders along endless roads in search of happiness and adventure. He tries to gain fame and thereby conquer the unapproachable heart of the princess.), but reinterprets it in a different way. to his own, even ironically. His handsome prince is just a child, suffering from a capricious and eccentric flower. Naturally, there is no talk of a happy ending with a wedding. In his wanderings, the Little Prince meets not with fairy-tale monsters, but with people bewitched, as if by an evil spell, by selfish and petty passions. But this is only the external side of the plot. Despite the fact that the Little Prince is a child, a true vision of the world is revealed to him, inaccessible even to an adult. And the people with dead souls whom the main character meets on his way are much more terrible than fairy-tale monsters. The relationship between the prince and Rose is much more complex than the relationship between princes and princesses from folk tales. After all, it is for the sake of Rose that the Little Prince sacrifices his material shell - he chooses physical death. The story has two storylines: the narrator and the related theme of the world of adults and the line of the Little Prince, the story of his life. Features of the fairy tale composition. The composition of the work is very unique. The parabola is a basic component of the structure of a traditional parable. "The Little Prince" is no exception. It looks like this: the action takes place in a specific time and specific situation. The plot develops as follows: there is a movement along a curve, which, having reached the highest point of intensity, returns again to the starting point. The peculiarity of such plot construction is that, returning to the starting point, the plot takes on a new philosophical and ethical meaning. A new point of view on the problem finds a solution. The beginning and end of the story “The Little Prince” relate to the hero’s arrival on Earth or the departure of the Earth, the pilot and the Fox. The little prince again flies to his planet to care for and raise the beautiful Rose. The time that the pilot and the prince - an adult and a child - spent together, they discovered a lot of new things about each other and in life. Having parted, they took pieces of each other with them, they became wiser, learned the other’s world and their own, only from the other side. Artistic features of the work. The story has very rich language. The author uses a lot of amazing and inimitable literary techniques. In its text you can hear the melody: “...And at night I like to listen to the stars. Like five hundred million bells...” Its simplicity is childlike truth and accuracy. Exupery’s language is full of memories and reflections about life, about the world and, of course, about childhood: “...When I was six years old... I once saw an amazing picture...” or: “...For six years now, how my friend left me with the lamb.” The style and special, unique mystical manner of Saint-Exupery is a transition from image to generalization, from parable to morality. The language of his work is natural and expressive: “laughter is like a spring in the desert”, “five hundred million bells” It would seem that ordinary, familiar concepts suddenly acquire a new original meaning in him: “water”, “fire”, “friendship”, etc. d. Many of his metaphors are equally fresh and natural: “they (volcanoes) sleep deep underground until one of them decides to wake up”; the writer uses paradoxical combinations of words that you won’t find in ordinary speech: “children should be very lenient towards adults”, “if you go straight and straight, you won’t get far...” or “people no longer have enough time to learn anything " The narrative style of the story also has a number of features. This is a confidential conversation between old friends - this is how the author communicates with the reader. We feel the presence of an author who believes in goodness and reason, soon when life on earth will change. We can talk about a peculiar melody of the narrative, sad and thoughtful, built on soft transitions from humor to serious thoughts, on halftones, transparent and light, like watercolor illustrations of a fairy tale, created by the writer himself and being an integral part of the artistic fabric of the work. The phenomenon of the fairy tale “The Little Prince” is that, written for adults, it has firmly entered the circle of children’s reading.